Use of serum and urine metabolome analysis for the detection of metabolic changes in patients with stage 1-2 chronic kidney disease

authors:

avatar Kaori Hayashi 1 , avatar Hiroyuki Sasamura 2 , * , avatar Takako Hishiki 1 , avatar Makoto Suematsu 1 , avatar Satsuki Ikeda 3 , avatar Tomoyoshi Soga 3 , avatar Hiroshi Itoh 1

Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Japan
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, sasamura@a8.keio.jp, Japan
Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Japan
Nephro-Urology Monthly: Vol.3, issue 3; 164-171
article type: Research Article
received: October 19, 2010
accepted: November 1, 2010

how to cite: Hayashi K, Sasamura H, Hishiki T, Suematsu M, Ikeda S, et al. Use of serum and urine metabolome analysis for the detection of metabolic changes in patients with stage 1-2 chronic kidney disease. Nephro-Urol Mon. 2011;3(3): 164-171. 

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem throughout the world, and understanding the pathological condition of CKD has become increasingly important. The recent development of advanced metabolomic assay techniques now allows the human metabolic condition to be evaluated sensitively and comprehensively.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to use metabolomic analysis to perform a preliminary survey of metabolic changes occurring in patients with stage 1-2 CKD.
Patients and Methods: Serum and urine metabolomic profiles of 15 patients with stage 1-2 CKD were analyzed using our previously reported capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOFMS) systems, and compared to 7 healthy volunteers.
Results: The CE-TOFMS systems in three different modes for cation, anion, and nucleotide analyses detected multiple metabolites in serum and urine samples. In cation analysis mode, several increases in nonessential amino acids were identified in patients with stage 1-2 CKD, similar to those reported for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Free-radical scavengers carnosine and hypotaurine were decreased in the urine, whereas serum hypotaurine and taurine were increased, consistent with changes in renal and/or systemic oxidative stress. Moreover, the cardiotoxin hypoxanthine was markedly increased in the serum, whereas serum and urine adenosine and urine guanine were decreased, suggesting changes in purine nucleotide metabolism which could affect cardiovascular prognosis. Changes in other unidentified metabolites were also detected.
Conclusions: These results suggest that multiple changes in the metabolism are already detectable in stage 1-2 CKD using metabolome analysis. Further studies on these metabolic changes may result in new strategies to prevent cardiovascular events and progression to ESRD in patients with CKD.

 

 

Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:
The results of this study suggest that multiple changes in the metabolism are already detectable in stage 1-2 CKD, and these changes may be detected using metabolome analysis.
Please cite this paper as:
Hayashi K, Sasamura H, Hishiki T, Suematsu M, Ikeda S, Soga T, et al. Use of serum and urine metabolome analysis for the detection of metabolic changes in patients with stage 1-2 chronic kidney disease. Nephro-Urol Mon. 2011;3(3):164-171.
Article history:
Received: 19 Oct 2010
Revised: 1 Nov 2010
Accepted: 20 Nov 2010

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