Kowsar Jundishapur J Microbiol 2008-4161 14 4 2021 7 18 10.5812/jjm.115902 Gholamreza Shokoohi Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran, Zoonosis Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Reza Rouhi Sefidmazgi Zoonosis Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran, Department of Medical Otorhinolaryngology, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Mohammad Etehadnezhad Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran, Zoonosis Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Bahram Ahmadi Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran Javad Javidnia Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Sadegh Nouripour-Sisakht Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran Farhang Hooshmand Zoonosis Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Ali Rezaei-Matehkolaei Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Seyede Nadia Tabatabaeifar Department of Internal Medicine, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Saham Ansari Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Research Article 2021 7 5 2021 5 5 2021 7 18 2021 04 30 Background : Aspergillusand Candidaspecies are the most commonly identified fungal pathogens in otomycosis. However, we usually encounter some difficulties in its treatment because many patients show resistance to antifungal agents and present a high recurrence rate. Objectives : The current research was conducted to compare the in vitroactivities of luliconazole (LUL), and efinaconazole (EFN) and the nine comparators on Aspergillusand Candidastrains isolated from otomycosis. Methods : The in vitroactivities of nine common antifungal drugs (amphotericin B (AMB), voriconazole (VRC), fluconazole (FLU), itraconazole (ITC), ketoconazole (KTO), clotrimazole (CLO), nystatin (NYS), terbinafine (TRB), and caspofungin (CAS)) and two novel new azoles (LUL and EFN) against 108 clinical isolates of Aspergillusand Candidaspecies obtained from otomycosis were assessed according to the CLSI broth microdilution document. Results : The LUL and EFN had the geometric mean minimum inhibitory concentrations (GM MICs) of 0.098 and 0.109 μg/mL against all Aspergillusstrains, respectively. Furthermore, the GM MICs of all Candidaisolates for LUL, EFN, CAS, CLO, VRC, AMB, ITC, KTO, FLU, NYS, and TRB were calculated to be 0.133, 0.144, 0.194, 0.219, 0.475, 0.537, 0.655, 1.277, 4.905, 9.372, and 13.592 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, 6 (35.29%), 2 (11.7%), and 1 (5.88%) Candidaisolates were resistant to FLU, CAS, and VRC, respectively. Conclusions : As the findings indicated, LUL and EFN showed the lowest GM MIC values against the examined species. Accordingly, these novel imidazole and triazole antifungal agents can be regarded as proper candidates for the treatment of otomycosis caused by Aspergillusand Candidastrains. https://sites.kowsarpub.com/jjm/articles/115902.html https://jjm.kowsarpub.com/cdn/dl/f9d9a54e-f93d-11eb-90d8-3777a41726b5 Otomycosis Antifungal Susceptibility Efinaconazole Luliconazole