Kowsar Jundishapur J Microbiol 2008-4161 11 9 2018 8 18 10.5812/jjm.62697 Chunchan Lin Shuying Chen Ye Jin Jingjing Duan Zhihao Hao Shanshan Wang Yinjuan Guo Longhua Hu Liangxing Wang Fangyou Yu 4Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China Research Article 2018 8 7 2017 10 10 2018 8 18 2018 09 30 Background : In the recent decades, mupirocin and fusidic acid (FA) have become important antimicrobial agents for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) and the eradication of staphylococci colonization. Objectives : The present study aimed at determining the role of mupirocin and FA resistance in controlling Staphylococcus epidermidisinfections and eradication of staphylococci colonization. Methods : This study was conducted between January 2012 and December 2015, at a tertiary hospital in Wenzhou, east China, on 711 S. epidermidisclinical isolates collected consecutively from various specimens of inpatients. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing were used to identify mupAconferring high-level mupirocin resistance and fusAmutations. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) based on nucleotide sequencing of seven housekeeping genes revealed distinct related clones of methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis(MRSE), as clinically significant isolates. Results : Twelve FA-resistant S. epidermidisclinical isolates were positive for fusB, while only one was positive for fusC. All six S. epidermidisisolates with low-level mupirocin resistance were negative for mupA. However, 23 (35.38%) of 65 isolates with high level of resistance to mupirocin were found to carry this gene. Surprisingly, among 31 isolates with both mupirocin and FA resistance, only two were positive for fusBand only six were positive for mupA. More than 50% of the resistance for 71 mupirocin-resistant isolates and 56 FA-resistant isolates to non β-lactam included erythromycin, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Among 31 S. epidermidisisolates with both mupirocin and FA resistance, 15, three, and two belonged to ST2, ST466, and ST23, respectively. ST125 and ST130 were found in one isolate, each. All 15 ST2 S. epidermidisisolates were MRSE with high-level resistance to mupirocin (MICs > 256 mg/L), with similar resistance patterns. Conclusions : Taken together, the present study is the first report of resistance to both mupirocin and FA among S. epidermidisisolates. Dissemination of S. epidermidisST2 clone with both FA and mupirocin resistance can cause trouble in controlling S. epidermidisinfections and eradication of staphylococci colonization. http://jjmicrobiol.com/en/articles/62697.html https://cdn.neoscriber.org/cdn/dl/cd72bc24-beb8-11e8-bd3e-e7feea8aad0f