Comparison of the differentiation potential of human mesenchymal stem cells and several animal species

Introduction: Considering the increasing use of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from various sources in the clinic, the basic studies needed to evaluate proliferation, differentiation and other biological characteristics of them done. In the present study, efficiency and power differentiation in five different categories mesenchymal stem cells are compared with each other. Materials and Methods: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from rabbits, rats, C57 mice , chicken and mesenchymal stem cells derived from human knee synovium tissue were cultured with a density of 5000 cells/cm2 in 12-chamber dishes. After the cells reached the appropriate level of growth, specific differentiation inducers were added. 21 days later, differentiation of all stem cells to adipocyte, osteocyte and chondrocyte were evaluated and compared using specific staining methods. Results: Our results indicated that all five mesenchymal stem cells were able to differentiate into osteocyte, adipocyte and chondrocyte. Moreover, the highest potentials for differentiation to adipocyte and osteocyte and chondrocyte were seen in mesenchymal stem cells derived from chicken bone marrow and human synovium, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, differences in the differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from different tissues and species were observed that could be caused by small differences in their environment in vivo. Understanding these differences can lead to more effective use of these cells in the clinic.