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International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences
e-ISSN 1726-9148
p-ISSN 1726-913X
Image Credit:Int J Endocrinol Metab
Outline
Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: The Role of Thyroid Cross Reacting Autoantigens and The Effect of Thyroid Ablation
Authors
1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
*Corresponding Author: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy Email: pinchera@endoc.med.unipit
Published online:Jan 31, 2006
Article type:Review Article
Received:May 28, 2019
Accepted:Jan 31, 2006
How to Cite:Latrofa F, Marino M, Marcocci C, Pinchera A. Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: The Role of Thyroid Cross Reacting Autoantigens and The Effect of Thyroid Ablation. Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2006;4(1):e94592. doi:
Abstract
The pathogenesis and the treatment of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy (GO), the most common extrathyroidal mani
festation of Graves’ disease, are still debated [reviewed in1]. Although associated with Graves’ hyperthyroidism in most patients, GO may also occur with euthyroidism or hypothyroidism from Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (“euthyroid Graves’ disease”). GO precedes, occurs simultaneously with or follows hyperthyroidism in 13%, 43% and 44% of patients, respectively.2 The time interval between the beginning of GO and the onset of hyperthyroidism is <18 months in 85% of patients.
Highlights
KeywordsThyroid
References
- 1.The references are available in the PDF file.
Copyright
© 2006, Author(s). This open-access article is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which allows for unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited.
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