Prevalence of bacterial and antibiotic sensitivity in septicemia of neonates admitted to Kermanshah Imam Reza Hospital (2007-2008)

Background: Neonatal septicemia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The most common pathogens of bacterial sepsis and antibiotic sensitivity patterns may vary in different areas of the world. Understanding the etiology of bacteriological profiles is very important and helps to reduce the associated mortality. The aim of this study was to assess prevalence of bacterial and antibiotic sensitivity sepsis in neonates during 2007-2008.

Methods: In this cross sectional descriptive study the information of neonates who have been admitted to Imam Reza Hospital were collected. Ninety out of 2175 admitted subjects had inclusive criteria including positive blood culture and clinical symptoms of fever, shock, hyporeflexia. Demographic data collected using questionnaires and SPSS version 15 was used for statistical analysis.

Results: The prevalence of sepsis was 4.13%. 37.7% of bacteria were gram positive and 12 types of bacteria were isolated. The most common isolated microorganisms were staphylococcus aureus (31.1%) and Klebsiella Pneumoniae (16.7%). The mortality rate was 33.3%. The most sensitive antibiotics in gram positive bacteria were Ciprofloxacin(73.5%) , Imipenem(70.5%), Ceftriaxon (50%) and in gram negative bacteria Ciprofloxacin (76.8%), Imipenem (73.2%) and Co-Trimoxazole (44.6%).The most resistance antibiotic against gram positive bacteria were Co-Trimoxazole (35.3%), Gentamicin (32.4%), Ceftriaxon (29.4%) and in gram negative bacteria were, Ceftriaxon, Gentamicin, Cefotaxime (73.2%).

Conclusions: It seems that Ciprofloxacin and Imipenem are the most appropriate antibiotics for experimental treatment prior to obtaining blood culture results in this hospital.