Effect of education on the knowledge and attitude of intensive care unit staff towards the use of predictive disease severity scoring systems

Background and Purpose: Severity of illness scoring systems is used for the classification of patients to receive medical services,
predict the risk of mortality, determine hospital bed occupancy, and assess treatment progress. In Iran, these scoring systems are not
frequently used due to the lack of knowledge of medical staff. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of education on the knowledge
and attitude of intensive care unit (ICU) staff towards the use of predictive illness severity scoring systems in Imam Khomeini Hospital
of Sari, Iran.
Methods: This pre-experimental study was conducted using a researcher-made questionnaire to assess the knowledge and attitude of
ICU staff towards the use of illness severity scoring systems. Study population consisted of all the ICU nurses and physicians engaged
in Imam Khomeini Hospital of Sari, Iran. In total, 60 participants were selected via census sampling. All the participants received
training on the application of disease severity scoring systems. Knowledge level and attitude of the participants were assessed 10 days
after the intervention. Data analysis was performed in SPSS V.18 using descriptive and inferential statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, and
repeated measures one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Results: In this study, 43 participants (72%) were female, and the mean age of the subjects was 32.5±7.3 years. Mean score of
knowledge increased from 3±5.25 before the intervention to 18.4±0.96 after the intervention. With regard to attitude, mean scores
reached from 100.42±11.34 before the intervention to 122.30±9.81 after the intervention (P=0.001).
Conclusion: After receiving education on the function of disease severity scoring systems, level of knowledge in the ICU nurses
improved from low to high, while their attitude improved from moderate to excellent. Therefore, it is recommended that predictive
patient scoring systems be included in medical and nursing curricula. Furthermore, new strategies must be considered to apply these
tools in all the critical care units of the country.