Epidemiological study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Damghan (2000-2006)

Introduction: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is endemic in many parts of Iran. Numerous recognized focuses of Anthroponotic and Zoonotic forms of the disease exist in our country. Damghan is one of the endemic foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran. An outbreak of the disease occurred in 1378 in this city. To determine epidemiological characteristics of the disease during 1378- 1384, we planed this study. Material and Methods: In this descriptive research 3460 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis studied. Data were collected by using of patients records available at public health department of Damghan County. Demographic and clinical features such as age, sex, resident place, season and year of diagnosis, migration history, and involvement of organs evaluated. Results: Incidence rate in 2000-2006 was 1168.7, 558.8, 538.1, 525.2, 587.8, 548/5 and 312 per 100000 population respectively. Incidence rate in the village was higher than city, and in men higher than women. Most involved organs were hands (55%) and foot (43%). Most new observed cases of disease were in autumn. These findings indicate the Zoonotic type of the disease rather than Anthroponotic type of it. Conclusion: Damghan is one of focuses of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran. Surveillance and appropriate interventions in control of disease are very important. Trend of incidence of the disease during 1378-1384 indicates that 1378 epidemic is under control.