Effects of the stimulation of β2-adrenoceptors of the the basolateral amygdala on anxiety-like behaviors following electrical foot-shock stress in male rat

References

• 1.
  Galluzzi L, Yamazaki T, Kroemer G. Linking cellular stress responses to systemic homeostasis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Bio 2018; 19: 731-745.
• 2.
  Habib KE, Gold PW, Chrousos GP. Behavioral methods to study anxiety in rodents. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 2017; 19: 181-191.
• 3.
  Gjerstad JK, Lightman SL, Spiga F. Role of glucocorticoid negative feedback in the regulation of HPA axis pulsatility. STRESS 2018; 21: 403-416.
• 4.
  Mohammad Rezaei R, Pourali-Malabad R, Shiravi A, Rashidy-Pour A, Vafaei AA. Interaction between 5-HT6 receptors and acute stress and corticosterone on fear memory reconsolidation in mice. Koomesh 2020; 22: 185-191. (Persian).##https://doi.org/10.29252/koomesh.22.1.185.
• 5.
  Choobdar S, Vafaei AA, Rashidy-Pour A, Sedaghat K. Protective role of vitamin-D on chronic stress induced-learning and memory deficits in rats. Koomesh 2019; 21: 708-715. (Persian).
• 6.
  Ellenbroek BA, van der Kam EL, van der Elst MC, Cools AR. Individual differences in drug dependence in rats: the role of genetic factors and life events. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 526: 251-258.
• 7.
  Mah L, Szabuniewicz C, Fiocco AJ. Can anxiety damage the brain? Curr Opin Psychiatry 2016; 29: 56-63.
• 8.
  McEwen BS. Stress, sex, and neural adaptation to a changing environment: mechanisms of neuronal remodeling. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2010; 1024: 38-59.
• 9.
  Fava M, Hwang I, Rush AJ, Sampson N, Walters EE, Kessler RC. The importance of irritability as a symptom of major depressive disorder: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Mol Psychiatry 2010; 15: 856-867.
• 10.
  McLean CP, Asnaani A, Litz BT, Hofmann SG. Gender differences in anxiety disorders: prevalence, course of illness, comorbidity and burden of illness. J Psychiatric Res 2011; 45: 1027-1035.
• 11.
  Fox AS, Shackman AJ. The central extended amygdala in fear and anxiety: Closing the gap between mechanistic and neuroimaging research. Neurosci Lett 2019; 693: 58-67.
• 12.
  Blume SR, Padival M, Urban JH, Rosenkranz JA. Disruptive effects of repeated stress on basolateral amygdala neurons and fear behavior across the estrous cycle in rats. Sci Rep 2019; 9: 12292.
• 13.
  Zhang X, Tong Tong Ge, Yin G, Cui R, Zhao G, Yang W. Stress-Induced functional alterations in amygdala: implications for neuropsychiatric diseases. Front Neurosci 2018; 12: 367.
• 14.
  Yang Y, Wang JZ. From structure to behavior in basolateral amygdala-hippocampus circuits. Front Neural Circuits 2017; 11: 86.
• 15.
  Faraji N, Shiravi A, Bahari Z, Shirvani H, Meftahi GH. Basolateral amygdala 1-Adrenergic receptor suppression attenuates stress-induced anxiety-like behavior and spine morphology impairment on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Neurochem J 2020; 14: 77-89.##https://doi.org/10.1134/S1819712420010079.
• 16.
  Aubry AV, Serrano PA, Burghardt NS. Molecular mechanisms of stress-induced increases in fear memory consolidation within the amygdala. Front Behav Neurosci 2016; 10: 191.
• 17.
  Onur OA, Walter H, Schlaepfer TE, Rehme AK, Schmidt C, Keysers C, et al. Noradrenergic enhancement of amygdala responses to fear. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2009; 4: 119-126.
• 18.
  McCall JG, Siuda ER, Bhatti DL, Lawson LA, McElligott ZA, Stuber GD, et al. Locus coeruleus to basolateral amygdala noradrenergic projections promote anxiety-like behavior. Life 2017; 6: e18247.
• 19.
  Buffalari DM, Grace AA. Noradrenergic modulation of basolateral amygdala neuronal activity: opposing influences of -2 and receptor activation. J Neuroscience 2007; 27: 12358-12366.
• 20.
  Kang EH, Yu BH. Anxiety and -adrenergic receptor function in a normal population. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2005; 29: 733-737.
• 21.
  Buffalari DM, Grace AA. Noradrenergic modulation of basolateral amygdala neuronal activity: opposing influences of alpha-2 and beta receptor activation. J Neurosci 2007; 27: 12358-12366.
• 22.
  LeDoux J. The emotional brain, fear, and the amygdala. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2003; 23: 727-738.
• 23.
  Paxinos G, Watson C. The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates. 2007; Elsevier: Academic Press (6th Edition).##.
• 24.
  Dalooei JR, Sahraei H, Meftahi GH, Khosravi M, Bahari Z, Hatef B, et al. Temporary amygdala inhibition reduces stress effects in female mice. J Adv Res 2016; 7: 643-649.
• 25.
  Albrechet-Souza L, Cristina de Carvalho M, Rodrigues Franci C, Brandao ML. Increases in plasma corticosterone and stretched-attend postures in rats naive and previously exposed to the elevated plus-maze are sensitive to the anxiolytic-like effects of midazolam. Horm Behav 2007; 52: 267-273.
• 26.
  Carola V, D'Olimpio F, Brunamonti E, Mangia F, Renzi P. Evaluation of the elevated plus-maze and open-field tests for the assessment of anxiety-related behaviour in inbred mice. Behav Brain Res 2002; 134: 49-57.
• 27.
  Calfa G, Volosin M, Molina VA. Glucocorticoid receptors in lateral septum are involved in the modulation of the emotional sequelae induced by social defeat. Behav Brain Res 2006; 172: 324-332.
• 28.
  Bignante EA, Paglini G, Molina VA. Previous stress exposure enhances both anxiety-like behaviour and p35 levels in the basolateral amygdala complex: modulation by midazolam. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2010; 20: 388-397.
• 29.
  Bali A, Jaggi AS. Electric foot shock stress: a useful tool in neuropsychiatric studies. Rev Neurosci 2015; 26: 655-677.
• 30.
  Yamaguchi T, Tsujimatsu A, Kumamoto H, Izumi T, Ohmura Y, Yoshida T, et al. Anxiolytic effects of yokukansan, a traditional Japanese medicine, via serotonin 5-HT1A receptors on anxiety-related behaviors in rats experienced aversive stress. J Ethnopharmacol 2012; 143: 533-539.
• 31.
  Guedri K, Frih H, Chettoum A, Rouabhi R. Chronic restraint stress induced neurobehavioral alterations and histological changes in rat. J Toxicol Environ Health Sci 2017; 9: 123-129.##https://doi.org/10.1007/s13530-017-0312-6.
• 32.
  Miller DB, O'Callaghan JP. Neuroendocrine aspects of the response to stress. Metabolism 2002; 51: 5-10.
• 33.
  Fu A, Li X, Zhao B. Role of beta1-adrenoceptor in the basolateral amygdala of rats with anxiety-like behavior. Brain Res 2008; 1211: 85-92.
• 34.
  Rauch SL, Whalen PJ, Shin LM, McInerney SC, Macklin ML, Lasko NB, et al. Exaggerated amygdala response to masked facial stimuli in posttraumatic stress disorder: a functional MRI study. Biol Psychiatry 2000; 47: 769-776.##https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(00)00828-3.
• 35.
  Stein MB, Simmons AN, Feinstein JS, Paulus MP. Increased amygdala and insula activation during emotion processing in anxiety-prone subjects. Am J Psychiatry 2007; 164: 318-327.
• 36.
  Valizadegan F, Oryan S, Nasehi M, Zarrindast MR. Interaction between morphine and noradrenergic system of basolateral amygdala on anxiety and memory in the elevated plus-maze test based on a test-retest paradigm. Arch Iran Med 2013; 16: 281-287.
• 37.
  Buffalari DM, Grace AA. Anxiogenic modulation of spontaneous and evoked neuronal activity in the basolateral amygdala. Neuroscience 2009; 163: 1069-1077.
• 38.
  Hurlemann R, Walter H, Rehme AK, Kukolja J, Santoro SC, Schmidt C, et al. Human amygdala reactivity is diminished by the -noradrenergic antagonist propranolol. Psychol Medicine 2010; 40: 1839-1848.