Correlation between bone mineral density and osteoporosis With Ca and vitamin D intake

Negative calcium balance, hypophosphatemia, and mild hypocalcemia occur in the absence of
sufficient quantities of vitamin D. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of dietary
calcium (Ca) and vitamin D (vit D) intake on those plasma levels and bone mineral density (BMD).
A total of 830, 20-76 years- old healthy population (60.8% women, 39.2% men) of Tehran, from
50 clusters were randomly selected, following exclusion of people suffering from endocrine,
rheumatologic or chronic diseases, fractures, other conditions or using drugs that affecting bone
metabolism. Vit D and Ca intakes were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Self-reported
daily time of sun exposure was used to categorize exposure to sunshine all participations underwent
clinical examination and lumbar spine and proximal of femur BMD by using dual-energy X-ray
absorptiometry technique. Plasma level of 25(OH) D, Ca, Phosphate (P), alkaline phosphatase
(ALK P), parathyroid hormone (PTH) measured during winter. The correlation between these
results was investigated.
Mean of serum level vitamin D in men lower than women, as so Ca level of serum and intake of
vit D and Ca in men higher than women. In the Logistic Regression, sex and parathyroid hormone
were independent variables for serum of vit D variation.
In women older than 45 years, BMD in region of lumbar spine had significantly association with
serum levels of parathyroid hormone. Also increasing parathyroid hormone had association with
osteoporosis prevalence.
The mean of Ca intake in osteoporotic patients was lower than other subjects. In men younger
than 40 years that had Ca intake more than 1gram/day, lumbar spine BMD was significantly higher
than others with lower Ca consumption. Vitamin D intake had significantly association with
osteoporosis in men.
In adequate calcium intake may translate into inadequate calcium retention and a reduction in
peak bone mass. The high prevalence of 25(OH) D deficiency indicate that vit D be obtained from
solar irradiation and dietary sources appears inadequate.