Validity and Reliability of the MacNew Heart Disease Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire in Patients with Heart Failure: The Persian Version

Background: Heart failure due to changes in the lungs, circulation, and skeletal muscle
adversely influences the quality of life.
Objectives: The objective of the present study is to assess the reliability and validity of
the Persian version of the MacNew in patients with heart failure.
Patients and Methods: The 200 Iranian patients who referred to Shahid Beheshti hospital
in Qom were recruited by convenience sampling. All the patients filled out the MacNew
HRQL questionnaire, the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), the Short Form-
36 and socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. The reliability of the MacNew
was assessed by internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Construct validity was
assessed by factor analysis, convergent validity and discriminant validity. Discriminant
validity of MacNew was assessed by the known-groups approach. All analyses were done
through SPSS, version 20, and level of significance was considered at P < 0.05.
Results: The mean MacNew Global score was 3.6 ± 0.82. Our results demonstrated that
internal consistency (α = 0.94) and reproducibility (ICC = 0.84) of the Persian version of
the MacNew were confirmed. The Factor analysis confirmed three factors as the original
MacNew. Convergent and divergent validity of the MacNew was confirmed by its
correlation pattern with physical and mental components of the SF-36. Discriminative
validity was confirmed statistically and clinically for the differences in the MacNew
scores on the Global scale and each subscale between Iranian patients with and without
anxiety and depression.
Conclusions: The Persian version of the MacNew HRQL questionnaire can be applied
as a reliable and valid tool in the clinical research for Iranian patients with heart failure.