Synbiotics in Children with Cow's Milk Allergy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: Cow`s milk protein allergy usually occurs in infants within the first months of life. It can affect several organs, but gastrointestinal symptoms are the most clinical symptoms observed. The most effective treatment is restricting the cow `s milk protein in mother and infant`s diet. Lactobacillus GG supplementation in infant could be effective through modulation of the immune system and the gut microflora. Methods: Thirty two breastfed infants with cow`s milk protein allergy were enrolled in a double-blinded randomized controlled trial in which they received Synbiotic (n=16) or placebo (n=16) once a day for one month, simultaneously with cow`s milk protein restriction in mother and infant`s diet. Clinical gastrointestinal symptoms (vomiting, colic, rectal bleeding and diarrhea), head circumference, body length and weight were recorded at the beginning, the end of the first and third month of study. Findings: Percentage of increment in head circumference and weight were statistically more in synbiotic group compared with placebo group at the end of the first and third month of study. There was no significant difference in resolution of clinical gastrointestinal symptoms (vomiting, colic, rectal bleeding or diarrhea) and percentage of increment in body length. Conclusion: Synbiotic supplementation in infants may improve increment of head circumference and weight gain, but has no effect on resolution of clinical symptoms.