Simultaneous effect of green tea catechin and bisphenol A on differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblast in vitro

Background: Green tea is a rich source of Epigallocatechingallate and has many antioxidant properties that can increase bone mineral content. On the other hand, people in current industrialized societies are in direct contact with contaminants such as bisphenol A that, in addition to causing environmental problems, are harmful to human’s health.

Methods: In this study, following extraction and cultivation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, third passage cells were divided into 13 groups, control, different doses of bisphenol A (250 and 1000 nM) and different doses of Epigallocatechingallate (5, 10 , 15, 20 and 30 µM) + bisphenol A, and were treated in an osteogenic environment for 21 days. Afterward, viability and mineralization of bone matrix were assessed. To continue the study, 250 nM dose ofbisphenol A and 30 µM dose of Epigallocatchingallate were selected. Simultaneous effect of bisphenol A and Epigallocatchingallate on osteogenic differentiation of cells through MTT tests, alizarin red, evaluation of intracellular and extracellular calcium deposition content, alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity and morphology of differentiated cells was analyzed by florescent colors.

Results: Based on two-way ANOVA, 250 and 1000 nM doses of bisphenol A caused a highly significant reduction in the viability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (P<0.05). Moreover, Epigallocatchingallate (30 µM) was able to reduce the destructive effect of bisphenol A on bone marrow stem cells.

Conclusion: The present study showed that Epigallocatechingallat can compensate for the destructive effects of bisphenol A on mesenchymal cells.