Study of Correlation between Stress Hyperglycemia and Short Term Prognostic in non Diabetic Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients

Background: Abnormal hyperglycemia is a common finding in early phase of acute myocardial
infarction that is named as stress hyperglycemia. In this study we have evaluated primary blood
sugar of non-diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction at the time of admission to compare
the early complications between patients with high or normal blood sugar. We aimed to find any
relation between primary blood sugar and post MI complication rate.
Materials and Methods: One hundred non-diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction
who were referred to heart emergency ward of Imam Reza Hospital (Mashhad, Iran) were included
in this study. According to primary blood glucose level, 50 patients with blood glucose > 126 mg/dl
were compared with 50 patients with normal blood glucose level. All patients were evaluated
during hospitalization and daily clinical examinations laboratory tests, and routine non-invasive
assessments were done. The results were analyzed by SPSS software and the level of signification
difference was described as p<0.05.
Results: Sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, bundle branch block, ventricular extrasystole,
prolonged PR-interval and heart failure according to Klip classification and also according to
echocardiographic index (EF<50) were statistically significant and more common in
hyperglycemic patients (P<0.05). Thromboembolic and mechanical complications (papillary
muscle dysfunction), pericarditis, phlebitis and angina were also more common in hyperglycemic
group although the differences were not significant statistically.
Conclusion: It seems that high rate of early complications in non-diabetic patients with acute
myocardial infarction is directly related to primary hyperglycemia (stress hyperglycemia).