Premature Coronary Heart Disease and Traditional Risk Factors-Can We Do Better?

Background: Traditional cardiovascular risk factors are strong predictors of an increased likelihood for premature CHD. Considering the benefits of risk factors᾿ management, it is imperative to find and treat them before looking for more unknown and weak risk factors.

Objectives: Limited information is available about the demographic and historical characteristics of the patients with premature Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) in IR Iran. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of the traditional risk factors in these patients. Also, the researchers hypothesized that there are insufficient risk assessment and preventive intervention methods for the asymptomatic adult population.

Methods: This study was conducted on 125 patients with premature CHD (age<50 years) who were admitted in two academic hospitals with acute coronary syndromes. The patients were accepted since they had a definite CHD on the basis of acute myocardial infarction (elevated cardiac enzymes) or documented CAD in coronary angiography.

Results: The mean age of the study population was 42.50±5.65 (26 to 49 years). Among the patients,92 (73.6%) were male, 113 (90.4%) were married, 58 (46.4%) were smokers,19 (15.2%) were opium users, 97 (77.6%) had dyslipidemia, 44 (35.2%) had hypertension, and 33 (26.4%) had diabetes mellitus. In addition, family history was presented in 54 patients (43.2%).

Conclusions: Premature Coronary Heart Disease is a public health problem. However, there is lack of effective and intensive treatments of well-defined traditional risk factors and prevention methods for the majority of the patients experiencing premature CHD. In sum, there is still plenty of room for improvement of risk management in IR Iran.