Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients Admitted in ICU with Severe COVID-19 in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India: A Retrospective Observational Study

Background: Many studies have reported poor clinical outcomes regarding the ICU course of patients with severe COVID 19. Our study aimed at prospectively observing the predominant clinical pattern and outcomes in patients with severe COVID 19 admitted in the ICU. Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective, observational study of 100 patients admitted to the ICU with confirmed COVID 19. Data from all patients with confirmed COVID 19 admitted in ICU between 15 March 2021 to 25 April 2021 was included for this study. Patients were studied for their demographics, baseline comorbidities, laboratory investigations, and details of treatment. Major outcomes analyzed were clinical presentation, mechanical ventilation (MV) related mortality, and overall mortality of ICU patients. Student's independent t-test for comparing continuous variables and Chi-square test for categorical variables.Results: Out of 220 patients with COVID-19, 100 were admitted to the ICU. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (38) and diabetes (25). Twenty-eight patients required mechanical ventilation (MV), out of which only 16 survived. MV LOS was longer for survivors than non-survivors. The overall mortality rate in ICU patients was 25%, and MV-related mortality was 42.85%. Conclusion: The severity of presenting symptoms and presentation time play a major role in the outcome. Our study reports higher mortality in patients who required mechanical ventilation. This could be because of the increased severity of disease in these patients.