Formulation and evaluation of an antibacterial cream from Oxalis corniculata aqueous extract

Introduction and objective: Oxalis corniculata is well known because of its anti-dysentery and antidiarrheal effects and also its application in skin diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of aqueous extract of O. corniculata on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli species and to formulate a herbal antibacterial cream.

Materials and methods: Disk diffusion method was used to assess antibacterial activity of O. corniculata extract. Antibacterial activity of this plant was compared with doxycycline, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, carbeincillin and nalidixic acid. In order to prepare cream, different amount of ingredients were incorporated together, then the required amount of the herbal extract was added. The cream formulations were compared according to their physical and chemical stability. Finally, the best formulation was selected by altering the type and quantity of formulation factors.

Results: Results showed that aqueous extract of O. corniculata was effective on S. aureus and E. coli and the antibacteria were more effective when the extract concentration increased. Control experiments and stability determination showed a stable homogenous appearance during three months storage period and no phase of separation was occurred.

Conclusion: The aqueous extract of O. corniculata exhibited strong antibacterial activity especially with increase of the extract concentration. The results of different chemical and physical tests of cream showed that the formation could be used topically in order to protect skin against damage caused by this S. aureus and E. coli.

Significance and impact of the study: The results of the present investigation suggest that this plant is a suitable candidate for further pharmacological evaluation.