The psychometric properties of pain self-efficacy questionnaire in multiple sclerosis patients

Background: Given the importance of pain self-efficacy in adapting to chronic pain, the aim of the present study was to determine the psychometric properties of Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS).

Methods: The sample consisted of 237 patients with MS that were selected through convenience sampling in Isfahan MS Society. The participants completed the Persian version of Pain Self Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) and West-Haven Multidimensional Pain Inventory (WHMPI). The factor structure of Pain Self Efficacy Scale was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was measured by Cronbach’s alpha. Spearman-BrownSplit-Half reliability and concurrent validity of this scale were also examined.

Results: The findings indicated that the internal consistency of the scale was (a=0.896). Spearman-Brown Split-Half reliability coefficient was equivalent to 0.85. Results of factor analysis indicated a factor called "Pain Self- Efficacy" that accounted for 52.511% of the total variance with minimal factor loading of 0.6. Moreover, the significant correlation between PSEQ and 4 subscales of WHMPI indicated an acceptable concurrent validity for this questionnaire. 

Conclusion: Findings suggested that Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) has appropriate psychometric properties that might be applicable in research and practice with multiple sclerosis patients.