Studying Zinc (Zn) Level in the Blood of Medical Students in Tehran University of Medical Sciences (2001-2)

Introduction: In Iran, due to the predominance of calcareous soils, high levels of bicarbonates in irrigation waters, and negligence in the use of fertilizers containing zinc (Zn), little Zn is absorbed by the crops.  This study is aimed to determine the serum level of Zn among medical student of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in Iran from 2001 to 2002.

Materials and Methods: From 2001 to 2002 using a spectrophotometer (atomic absorption), 320 medical students of Tehran University (137 females and 183 males) were selected for this study. From this total, 125 lived in dorms, 33 in dormitories and 162 at home with their family. Using Chi square test the data were analyzed.

Results: The average concentration of Zn in the serum of studied individuals was 74 mg/dl which was below the worldwide average (85 mg/dl) level. The results showed that 64% of the sample suffered from Zn deficiency. Out of the seven different factors which were examined, a significant association was found between the Zn level and martial status, the type of bread, the geographical area they come from and their intake of Zn sulfate capsules. However, there was not any significant association between serum Zn level and sex, the number of sanitary pads used in menstruation period, and the number of people living in the family.

Conclusion: One major reason for the widespread Zn deficiency is the consumption of cereal based foods containing low Zn. Cereal enrichment and bread fortification are recommended as possible solutions. However, future studies are needed to determine the extent of Zn deficiency in particular among children.