Gastric cancer as a multifactorial disease

Background: Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer and it is known as the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Carcinogenesis ius a multifactorial process that is dependent to parallel effects of environment and genetic. Environmental risk factors for gastric cancer are Helicobacter pylori infection, life style and nutrition.

Materials and Methods: This study was a narrative review and the results of the collection and interpretation of available information on the causes of gastric cancer, Methods of diagnosis and treatment.

Results: Helicobacter pylori infection, genetic predisposition and environmental factors such as nutrition and health are risk factors of gastric cancer. But these factors have interactions. A poor nutrition increase inflammatory effect of bacteria and genetic background causes the progression of mild inflammation to ulcer, atrophy and ultimately it causes malignancy and cancer.

Conclusion: Delayed diagnosis, treatment and prevention of gastric cancer is complex due to the involvement of infectious agents, gastric background and inflammatory response of the body. Improved diagnostic and treatment methods related to improving nutrition and development of the personalized medicine.