Clinical Manifestations, Transmission, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Dengue Fever: A Comprehensive Review

Naderian, Ramtin; Khari, Fateme; Pazoki, Shaghayegh; Sanami, Samira; Saffarieh, Elham

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Journal of Semnan University of Medical Sciences

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Abstract
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https://doi.org/10.69107/koomesh-158138

Clinical Manifestations, Transmission, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Dengue Fever: A Comprehensive Review

Authors

Ramtin Naderian

^{1, 2}, Fateme Khari³, Shaghayegh Pazoki

³, Samira Sanami

^3,*, Elham Saffarieh

^3,**

1Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran

2Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz, Iran

3Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran

Corresponding Authors:

*Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.samirasanami34@yahoo.com

**Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.eli_saffarieh@yahoo.com

Koomesh:Vol. 27, issue 5; e158138

Published online:Aug 19, 2025

Article type:Review Article

How to Cite:Naderian R, Khari F, Pazoki S, Sanami S, Saffarieh E. Clinical Manifestations, Transmission, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Dengue Fever: A Comprehensive Review. Koomesh. 2025;27(5):e158138. doi: https://doi.org/10.69107/koomesh-158138

Abstract

Background: Dengue fever (DF) has spread significantly in recent decades and is seen as a possible global danger. DF is spread by
the dengue virus (DENV), which is mostly transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. DENV contains four antigenic serotypes, denoted as
DENV 4-1. Each serotype is distinguished by its genotypes, as well as three structural and seven nonstructural proteins.
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to present a brief overview of current knowledge of the occurrence, features, and causes of
DF, as well as strategies for prevention and protection against DENV infection.
Methods: The present article is a descriptive review study, and numerous texts on DF were searched in various databases such as
Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
Results: DENV infection symptoms often disappear without concern. However, specific signs such as spontaneous bleeding
and plasma leakage may emerge later in the disease's course. Neurological symptoms of DF can range from mild to severe, and
they frequently coexist with other systemic issues. DENV is hypothesized to cause cardiac issues via two distinct mechanisms:
Myocarditis and cardiac interstitial edema. To tackle this virus, two live attenuated vaccines have been developed, CYD-TDV and TAK-
003. However, neither vaccination can address every safety and efficacy risk.
Conclusion: Considering the significant threat that DENV presents to public health, particularly in endemic regions, additional
research is essential to formulate more effective vaccines and tailored treatments. Moreover, enhancing healthcare systems and
augmenting public awareness can mitigate the incidence and effects of DF. Awareness of DF is crucial for physicians and healthcare
professionals to remain informed on diagnostic methods, treatment procedures, and preventive techniques. This review article will
enhance their understanding of DF and promote early detection and intervention.

Highlights

KeywordsDengue virus Dengue Fever Dengue Vaccines prevention and control Aedes Mosquito-Borne Diseases

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Outline

Clinical Manifestations, Transmission, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Dengue Fever: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Highlights

References

Copyright

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