-
1.
Chen L, Deng H, Cui H, Fang J, Zuo Z, Deng J, et al. Inflammatory responses and inflammation-associated diseases in organs. Oncotarget. 2018;9(6):7204-18. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.23208. [PubMed: 29467962]. [PubMed Central: PMC5805548].
-
2.
Akdis CA. Therapies for allergic inflammation: Refining strategies to induce tolerance. Nat Med. 2012;18(5):736-49. doi: 10.1038/nm.2754. [PubMed: 22561837].
-
3.
Abbas AK, Lichtman AH, Pillai S. Cellular and molecular immunology. 8th ed. US: Elsevier Sunders; 2014.
-
4.
Mahmoud K, Ammar A. Immunomodulatory effects of anesthetics during thoracic surgery. Anesthesiol Res Pract. 2011;2011:317410. doi: 10.1155/2011/317410. [PubMed: 22110498]. [PubMed Central: PMC3205595].
-
5.
Jafarzadeh A, Larussa T, Nemati M, Jalapour S. T cell subsets play an important role in the determination of the clinical outcome of Helicobacter pylori infection. Microb Pathog. 2018;116:227-36. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.01.040. [PubMed: 29407232].
-
6.
Nemati M, Malla N, Yadav M, Khorramdelazad H, Jafarzadeh A. Humoral and T cell-mediated immune response against trichomoniasis. Parasite Immunol. 2018;40(3). doi: 10.1111/pim.12510. [PubMed: 29266263].
-
7.
Kalayci D, Dikmen B, Kacmaz M, Taspinar V, Ornek D, Turan O. Plasma levels of interleukin-10 and nitric oxide in response to two different desflurane anesthesia flow rates. Braz J Anesthesiol. 2014;64(4):292-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bjane.2013.06.008. [PubMed: 24998117].
-
8.
Jafarzadeh A, Shokri F. The antibody response to HBs antigen is regulated by coordinated Th1 and Th2 cytokine production in healthy neonates. Clin Exp Immunol. 2003;131(3):451-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2003.02093.x. [PubMed: 12605698]. [PubMed Central: PMC1808652].
-
9.
Lenz A, Franklin GA, Cheadle WG. Systemic inflammation after trauma. Injury. 2007;38(12):1336-45. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2007.10.003. [PubMed: 18048040].
-
10.
Pirbudak Cocelli L, Ugur MG, Karadasli H. Comparison of effects of low-flow sevoflurane and desflurane anesthesia on neutrophil and T-cell populations. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2012;73(1-2):41-51. doi: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2012.02.005. [PubMed: 24653511]. [PubMed Central: PMC3954007].
-
11.
Gong L, Qin Q, Zhou L, Ouyang W, Li Y, Wu Y, et al. Effects of fentanyl anesthesia and sufentanil anesthesia on regulatory T cells frequencies. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014;7(11):7708-16. [PubMed: 25550807]. [PubMed Central: PMC4270602].
-
12.
Alsina E, Matute E, Ruiz-Huerta AD, Gilsanz F. The effects of sevoflurane or remifentanil on the stress response to surgical stimulus. Curr Pharm Des. 2014;20(34):5449-68. doi: 10.2174/1381612820666140325105723. [PubMed: 24669973].
-
13.
Brown EN, Lydic R, Schiff ND. General anesthesia, sleep, and coma. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(27):2638-50. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra0808281. [PubMed: 21190458]. [PubMed Central: PMC3162622].
-
14.
Miller RD. Miller's anesthesia. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2015.
-
15.
Melamed R, Bar-Yosef S, Shakhar G, Shakhar K, Ben-Eliyahu S. Suppression of natural killer cell activity and promotion of tumor metastasis by ketamine, thiopental, and halothane, but not by propofol: mediating mechanisms and prophylactic measures. Anesth Analg. 2003;97(5):1331-9. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000082995.44040.07. [PubMed: 14570648].
-
16.
Schneemilch CE, Hachenberg T, Ansorge S, Ittenson A, Bank U. Effects of different anaesthetic agents on immune cell function in vitro. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2005;22(8):616-23. doi: 10.1017/s0265021505001031. [PubMed: 16119599].
-
17.
Snyder GL, Greenberg S. Effect of anaesthetic technique and other perioperative factors on cancer recurrence. Br J Anaesth. 2010;105(2):106-15. doi: 10.1093/bja/aeq164. [PubMed: 20627881].
-
18.
Welters ID, Hafer G, Menzebach A, Muhling J, Neuhauser C, Browning P, et al. Ketamine inhibits transcription factors activator protein 1 and nuclear factor-kappaB, interleukin-8 production, as well as CD11b and CD16 expression: studies in human leukocytes and leukocytic cell lines. Anesth Analg. 2010;110(3):934-41. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181c95cfa. [PubMed: 20185670].
-
19.
Song XM, Wang YL, Li JG, Wang CY, Zhou Q, Zhang ZZ, et al. Effects of propofol on pro-inflammatory cytokines and nuclear factor kappaB during polymicrobial sepsis in rats. Mol Biol Rep. 2009;36(8):2345-51. doi: 10.1007/s11033-009-9456-z. [PubMed: 19190997].
-
20.
Jin Z, Mendu SK, Birnir B. GABA is an effective immunomodulatory molecule. Amino Acids. 2013;45(1):87-94. doi: 10.1007/s00726-011-1193-7. [PubMed: 22160261]. [PubMed Central: PMC3680704].
-
21.
Marik PE. Propofol: An immunomodulating agent. Pharmacotherapy. 2005;25(5 Pt 2):28S-33S. doi: 10.1592/phco.2005.25.5_part_2.28s. [PubMed: 15899746].
-
22.
Takaono M, Yogosawa T, Okawa-Takatsuji M, Aotsuka S. Effects of intravenous anesthetics on interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2002;46(2):176-9. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-6576.2002.460209.x. [PubMed: 11942866].
-
23.
Gonzalez-Correa JA, Cruz-Andreotti E, Arrebola MM, Lopez-Villodres JA, Jodar M, De La Cruz JP. Effects of propofol on the leukocyte nitric oxide pathway: In vitro and ex vivo studies in surgical patients. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2008;376(5):331-9. doi: 10.1007/s00210-007-0220-4. [PubMed: 18064439].
-
24.
Lisowska B, Szymanska M, Nowacka E, Olszewska M. Anesthesiology and the cytokine network. Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2013;67:761-9. doi: 10.5604/17322693.1061412. [PubMed: 24018442].
-
25.
Hu XL, Tang HH, Zhou ZG, Yin F, Liu WJ. [The effect of sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia only and propofol total intravenous anesthesia on perioperative cytokine balance in lung cancer patients]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2011;27(6):659-61. Chinese. [PubMed: 21651869].
-
26.
Fekkes D, Hol JW, Stolker RJ. Anesthesia with propofol does not reduce interleukin-6 release in response to abdominal surgery of varying severity. J Clin Gynecol Obstet. 2016;5(4):106-11. doi: 10.14740/jcgo413w.
-
27.
Zhao J, Mo H. The impact of different anesthesia methods on stress reaction and immune function of the patients with gastric cancer during peri-operative period. J Med Assoc Thai. 2015;98(6):568-73. [PubMed: 26219161].
-
28.
Bargellini A, Rovesti S, Barbieri A, Vivoli R, Roncaglia R, Righi E, et al. Effects of chronic exposure to anaesthetic gases on some immune parameters. Sci Total Environ. 2001;270(1-3):149-56. doi: 10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00778-6. [PubMed: 11327388].
-
29.
Guptill V, Cui X, Khaibullina A, Keller JM, Spornick N, Mannes A, et al. Disruption of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 can affect survival, bacterial clearance, and cytokine gene expression during murine sepsis. Anesthesiology. 2011;114(5):1190-9. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e318212515b. [PubMed: 21383614]. [PubMed Central: PMC3119195].
-
30.
Griffith CD, Kamath MB. Effect of halothane and nitrous oxide anaesthesia on natural killer lymphocytes from patients with benign and malignant breast disease. Br J Anaesth. 1986;58(5):540-3. doi: 10.1093/bja/58.5.540. [PubMed: 3964519].
-
31.
Bahadir B, Bafigul E, Varol C, Ker HK, Aypar U. Halotan, Izofluran ve Sevofluran anestezilerinin immune yanıta etkisi. Anestezi Der-gisi.
-
32.
Tylman M, Sarbinowski R, Bengtson JP, Kvarnstrom A, Bengtsson A. Inflammatory response in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery: The effect of two different anesthetic techniques. Minerva Anestesiol. 2011;77(3):275-82. [PubMed: 21150855].
-
33.
Cho EJ, Yoon JH, Hong SJ, Lee SH, Sim SB. The effects of sevoflurane on systemic and pulmonary inflammatory responses after cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2009;23(5):639-45. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2009.01.025. [PubMed: 19362013].
-
34.
Sofra M, Fei PC, Fabrizi L, Marcelli ME, Claroni C, Gallucci M, et al. Immunomodulatory effects of total intravenous and balanced inhalation anesthesia in patients with bladder cancer undergoing elective radical cystectomy: preliminary results. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2013;32:6. doi: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-6. [PubMed: 23374147]. [PubMed Central: PMC3577511].
-
35.
Kvarnstrom AL, Sarbinowski RT, Bengtson JP, Jacobsson LM, Bengtsson AL. Complement activation and interleukin response in major abdominal surgery. Scand J Immunol. 2012;75(5):510-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2012.02672.x. [PubMed: 22229650].
-
36.
Kawamura T, Kadosaki M, Nara N, Kaise A, Suzuki H, Endo S, et al. Effects of sevoflurane on cytokine balance in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2006;20(4):503-8. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2006.01.011. [PubMed: 16884979].
-
37.
Suleiman MS, Zacharowski K, Angelini GD. Inflammatory response and cardioprotection during open-heart surgery: The importance of anaesthetics. Br J Pharmacol. 2008;153(1):21-33. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707526. [PubMed: 17952108]. [PubMed Central: PMC2199383].
-
38.
Shen QY, Fang L, Wu HM, Wu L, He F, Liu RY. [Effect of Toll-like receptor 2 on the inhibition role of sevoflurane on airway inflammation in asthmatic mice]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2016;96(2):138-41. Chinese. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.02.014. [PubMed: 26792699].
-
39.
Woo JH, Baik HJ, Kim CH, Chung RK, Kim DY, Lee GY, et al. Effect of propofol and desflurane on immune cell populations in breast cancer patients: A randomized trial. J Korean Med Sci. 2015;30(10):1503-8. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.10.1503. [PubMed: 26425050]. [PubMed Central: PMC4575942].
-
40.
Li Volti G, Basile F, Murabito P, Galvano F, Di Giacomo C, Gazzolo D, et al. Antioxidant properties of anesthetics: The biochemist, the surgeon and the anesthetist. Clin Ter. 2008;159(6):463-9. [PubMed: 19169610].
-
41.
Kager I, Mousa SA, Sieper J, Stein C, Pipam W, Likar R. Blockade of intra-articular adrenergic receptors increases analgesic demands for pain relief after knee surgery. Rheumatol Int. 2011;31(10):1299-306. doi: 10.1007/s00296-010-1489-z. [PubMed: 20383510].
-
42.
Makimura C, Arao T, Matsuoka H, Takeda M, Kiyota H, Tsurutani J, et al. Prospective study evaluating the plasma concentrations of twenty-six cytokines and response to morphine treatment in cancer patients. Anticancer Res. 2011;31(12):4561-8. [PubMed: 22199331].
-
43.
Vassou D, Bakogeorgou E, Kampa M, Dimitriou H, Hatzoglou A, Castanas E. Opioids modulate constitutive B-lymphocyte secretion. Int Immunopharmacol. 2008;8(5):634-44. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2008.01.002. [PubMed: 18387505].
-
44.
Forget P, Collet V, Lavand'homme P, De Kock M. Does analgesia and condition influence immunity after surgery? Effects of fentanyl, ketamine and clonidine on natural killer activity at different ages. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2010;27(3):233-40. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0b013e32832d540e. [PubMed: 19487949].
-
45.
Beilin B, Shavit Y, Hart J, Mordashov B, Cohn S, Notti I, et al. Effects of anesthesia based on large versus small doses of fentanyl on natural killer cell cytotoxicity in the perioperative period. Anesth Analg. 1996;82(3):492-7. doi: 10.1097/00000539-199603000-00011. [PubMed: 8623949].
-
46.
Yeager MP, Procopio MA, DeLeo JA, Arruda JL, Hildebrandt L, Howell AL. Intravenous fentanyl increases natural killer cell cytotoxicity and circulating CD16(+) lymphocytes in humans. Anesth Analg. 2002;94(1):94-9. table of contents. doi: 10.1097/00000539-200201000-00018. [PubMed: 11772808].
-
47.
Jacobs R, Karst M, Scheinichen D, Bevilacqua C, Schneider U, Heine J, et al. Effects of fentanyl on cellular immune functions in man. Int J Immunopharmacol. 1999;21(7):445-54. doi: 10.1016/s0192-0561(99)00025-9. [PubMed: 10454018].
-
48.
Al-Hashimi M, Scott SW, Thompson JP, Lambert DG. Opioids and immune modulation: More questions than answers. Br J Anaesth. 2013;111(1):80-8. doi: 10.1093/bja/aet153. [PubMed: 23794649].
-
49.
Kaplan JA, Reich DL, Konstadt SN. Kaplan's cardiac anesthesia e-book: Expert consult premium. US: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2011.
-
50.
Galley HF, Dubbels AM, Webster NR. The effect of midazolam and propofol on interleukin-8 from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Anesth Analg. 1998;86(6):1289-93. doi: 10.1097/00000539-199806000-00030. [PubMed: 9620522].
-
51.
Lu HB, Jia YP, Liang ZH, Zhou R, Zheng JQ. Effect of continuous infusion of midazolam on immune function in pediatric patients after surgery. Genet Mol Res. 2015;14(3):10007-14. doi: 10.4238/2015.August.21.7. [PubMed: 26345937].
-
52.
Sanders RD, Hussell T, Maze M. Sedation & immunomodulation. Crit Care Clin. 2009;25(3):551-70. ix. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2009.05.001. [PubMed: 19576530].
-
53.
Meier T, Lange A, Papenberg H, Ziemann M, Fentrop C, Uhlig U, et al. Pulmonary cytokine responses during mechanical ventilation of noninjured lungs with and without end-expiratory pressure. Anesth Analg. 2008;107(4):1265-75. doi: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181806212. [PubMed: 18806039].
-
54.
Schilling T, Kozian A, Senturk M, Huth C, Reinhold A, Hedenstierna G, et al. Effects of volatile and intravenous anesthesia on the alveolar and systemic inflammatory response in thoracic surgical patients. Anesthesiology. 2011;115(1):65-74. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e318214b9de. [PubMed: 21399490].
-
55.
Chang Y, Chen TL, Sheu JR, Chen RM. Suppressive effects of ketamine on macrophage functions. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005;204(1):27-35. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2004.08.011. [PubMed: 15781291].
-
56.
Kurosawa S, Kato M. Anesthetics, immune cells, and immune responses. J Anesth. 2008;22(3):263-77. doi: 10.1007/s00540-008-0626-2. [PubMed: 18685933].
-
57.
Eltzschig HK, Carmeliet P. Hypoxia and inflammation. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(7):656-65. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra0910283. [PubMed: 21323543]. [PubMed Central: PMC3930928].
-
58.
Marana E, Annetta MG, Meo F, Parpaglioni R, Galeone M, Maussier ML, et al. Sevoflurane improves the neuroendocrine stress response during laparoscopic pelvic surgery. Can J Anaesth. 2003;50(4):348-54. doi: 10.1007/BF03021031. [PubMed: 12670811].
-
59.
Boost KA, Flondor M, Hofstetter C, Platacis I, Stegewerth K, Hoegl S, et al. The beta-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol counteracts anti-inflammatory effects of isoflurane in rat endotoxemia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2007;51(7):900-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2007.01363.x. [PubMed: 17635398].
-
60.
Koksal GM, Sayilgan C, Gungor G, Oz H, Sen O, Uzun H, et al. Effects of sevoflurane and desflurane on cytokine response during tympanoplasty surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2005;49(6):835-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2005.00677.x. [PubMed: 15954968].
-
61.
Hadade A. The impact of anesthesia and surgery on plasma cytokine production. Biotechnol Mol Biol Nanomed. 2014;2(1).
-
62.
Ye X, Lian Q, Eckenhoff MF, Eckenhoff RG, Pan JZ. Differential general anesthetic effects on microglial cytokine expression. PLoS One. 2013;8(1). e52887. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052887. [PubMed: 23382826]. [PubMed Central: PMC3561404].
-
63.
Wu X, Lu Y, Dong Y, Zhang G, Zhang Y, Xu Z, et al. The inhalation anesthetic isoflurane increases levels of proinflammatory TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1beta. Neurobiol Aging. 2012;33(7):1364-78. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.11.002. [PubMed: 21190757]. [PubMed Central: PMC3117127].
-
64.
Zhang Y, Xu Z, Wang H, Dong Y, Shi HN, Culley DJ, et al. Anesthetics isoflurane and desflurane differently affect mitochondrial function, learning, and memory. Ann Neurol. 2012;71(5):687-98. doi: 10.1002/ana.23536. [PubMed: 22368036]. [PubMed Central: PMC3942786].
-
65.
Bianchi SL, Tran T, Liu C, Lin S, Li Y, Keller JM, et al. Brain and behavior changes in 12-month-old Tg2576 and nontransgenic mice exposed to anesthetics. Neurobiol Aging. 2008;29(7):1002-10. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.02.009. [PubMed: 17346857]. [PubMed Central: PMC4899817].
-
66.
Zhang B, Tian M, Zhen Y, Yue Y, Sherman J, Zheng H, et al. The effects of isoflurane and desflurane on cognitive function in humans. Anesth Analg. 2012;114(2):410-5. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31823b2602. [PubMed: 22075020]. [PubMed Central: PMC3972614].
-
67.
Zhang L, Zhang J, Yang L, Dong Y, Zhang Y, Xie Z. Isoflurane and sevoflurane increase interleukin-6 levels through the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway in neuroglioma cells. Br J Anaesth. 2013;110 Suppl 1:i82-91. doi: 10.1093/bja/aet115. [PubMed: 23604542]. [PubMed Central: PMC3667345].
-
68.
Lin D, Zuo Z. Isoflurane induces hippocampal cell injury and cognitive impairments in adult rats. Neuropharmacology. 2011;61(8):1354-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.08.011. [PubMed: 21864548]. [PubMed Central: PMC3189329].
-
69.
Miyata T, Kodama T, Honma R, Nezu Y, Harada Y, Yogo T, et al. Influence of general anesthesia with isoflurane following propofol-induction on natural killer cell cytotoxic activities of peripheral blood lymphocytes in dogs. J Vet Med Sci. 2013;75(7):917-21. doi: 10.1292/jvms.12-0436. [PubMed: 23446140].
-
70.
Brix-Christensen V, Tonnesen E, Sorensen IJ, Bilfinger TV, Sanchez RG, Stefano GB. Effects of anaesthesia based on high versus low doses of opioids on the cytokine and acute-phase protein responses in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1998;42(1):63-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1998.tb05082.x. [PubMed: 9527747].
-
71.
Roy S, Ninkovic J, Banerjee S, Charboneau RG, Das S, Dutta R, et al. Opioid drug abuse and modulation of immune function: consequences in the susceptibility to opportunistic infections. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2011;6(4):442-65. doi: 10.1007/s11481-011-9292-5. [PubMed: 21789507]. [PubMed Central: PMC3601186].
-
72.
Ninkovic J, Roy S. Role of the mu-opioid receptor in opioid modulation of immune function. Amino Acids. 2013;45(1):9-24. doi: 10.1007/s00726-011-1163-0. [PubMed: 22170499]. [PubMed Central: PMC3912755].
-
73.
Finley MJ, Happel CM, Kaminsky DE, Rogers TJ. Opioid and nociceptin receptors regulate cytokine and cytokine receptor expression. Cell Immunol. 2008;252(1-2):146-54. doi: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2007.09.008. [PubMed: 18279847]. [PubMed Central: PMC2538679].
-
74.
Shavit Y, Wolf G, Goshen I, Livshits D, Yirmiya R. Interleukin-1 antagonizes morphine analgesia and underlies morphine tolerance. Pain. 2005;115(1-2):50-9. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2005.02.003. [PubMed: 15836969].
-
75.
Byrne LS, Peng J, Sarkar S, Chang SL. Interleukin-1 beta-induced up-regulation of opioid receptors in the untreated and morphine-desensitized U87 MG human astrocytoma cells. J Neuroinflammation. 2012;9:252. doi: 10.1186/1742-2094-9-252. [PubMed: 23164507]. [PubMed Central: PMC3526549].
-
76.
von Dossow V, Luetz A, Haas A, Sawitzki B, Wernecke KD, Volk HD, et al. Effects of remifentanil and fentanyl on the cell-mediated immune response in patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery. J Int Med Res. 2008;36(6):1235-47. doi: 10.1177/147323000803600610. [PubMed: 19094432].
-
77.
Hernandez P, Puig NR, Colucci DG. The influence of anaesthetics drugs on immune response: From inflammation to immunosuppression. OA Anaesthetics. 2013;1(3). doi: 10.13172/2052-7853-1-3-1091.
-
78.
Heaney A, Buggy DJ. Can anaesthetic and analgesic techniques affect cancer recurrence or metastasis? Br J Anaesth. 2012;109 Suppl 1:i17-28. doi: 10.1093/bja/aes421. [PubMed: 23242747].
-
79.
Kozian A, Schilling T, Rocken C, Breitling C, Hachenberg T, Hedenstierna G. Increased alveolar damage after mechanical ventilation in a porcine model of thoracic surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2010;24(4):617-23. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2009.09.016. [PubMed: 20005130].
-
80.
Tanabe K, Kozawa O, Iida H. Midazolam suppresses interleukin-1beta-induced interleukin-6 release from rat glial cells. J Neuroinflammation. 2011;8:68. doi: 10.1186/1742-2094-8-68. [PubMed: 21682888]. [PubMed Central: PMC3131232].
-
81.
Celik MG, Saracoglu A, Saracoglu T, Kursad H, Dostbil A, Aksoy M, et al. Effects of propofol and midazolam on the inflammation of lungs after intravenous endotoxin administration in rats. Eurasian J Med. 2015;47(2):109-14. doi: 10.5152/eajm.2014.70. [PubMed: 26180495]. [PubMed Central: PMC4494545].
LEAVE A COMMENT HERE: