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Smartphone and Universal Goniometer for Measurement of Elbow Joint Motions: A Comparative Study

Author(s):
Behnam BehnoushBehnam Behnoush1, Nasim TavakoliNasim Tavakoli2, Elham BazmiElham Bazmi3, Fariborz Nateghi FardFariborz Nateghi Fard3, Mohammad Hossein Pourgharib ShahiMohammad Hossein Pourgharib Shahi4, Arash OkaziArash Okazi1,*, Tahmineh MokhtariTahmineh Mokhtari1
1Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
2Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
3Legal Medicine Research Center, Tehran, IR Iran
4Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran


Asian Journal of Sports Medicine:Vol. 7, issue 2; e30668
Published online:Jun 10, 2016
Article type:Research Article
Received:Jun 15, 2015
Accepted:Nov 21, 2015
How to Cite:Behnam BehnoushNasim TavakoliElham BazmiFariborz Nateghi FardMohammad Hossein Pourgharib ShahiArash OkaziTahmineh Mokhtariet al.Smartphone and Universal Goniometer for Measurement of Elbow Joint Motions: A Comparative Study.Asian J Sports Med.7(2):e30668.https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.30668.

Abstract

Background:

Universal goniometer (UG) is commonly used as a standard method to evaluate range of motion (ROM) as part of joint motions. It has some restrictions, such as involvement of both hands of the physician, leads to instability of hands and error. Nowadays smartphones usage has been increasing due to its easy application.

Objectives:

The study was designed to compare the smartphone inclinometer-based app and UG in evaluation of ROM of elbow.

Materials and Methods:

The maximum ROM of elbow in position of flexion and pronation and supination of forearm were examined in 60 healthy volunteers with UG and smartphone. Data were analyzed using SPSS (ver. 16) software and appropriate statistical tests were applied, such as paired t-test, ICC and Bland Altman curves.

Results:

The results of this study showed high reliability and validity of smartphone in regarding UG with ICC > 0.95. The highest reliability for both methods was in elbow supination and the lowest was in the elbow flexion (0.84).

Conclusions:

Smartphones due to ease of access and usage for the physician and the patient, may be good alternatives for UG.

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