Relationship Between Insulin like Growth Factor-1 and Leptin in Type II Diabetic Patients

Background:Diabetes is a common endocrine disease in humans. Leptin secretion is influ-enced by many factors and although the growth hormone/insulin like growth factor (GH/IGF) axis plays an important role in the regulation of body compo-sition, the physiological interaction between Leptin and IGF-1 system remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the correla-tion between Leptin and IGF-1 in type II diabet-ics and controls.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study was consisted of 38, type 2 diabetics (20 males and 18 females, mean age 49.33 ± 11.33,years) and 46 healthy controls (16 males and 30 females, mean age 49.52 ± 7.99,years). We measured the concentrations of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), IGF-1, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) and insulin like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3) in both groups. FPG was measured by the enzymat-ic glucose oxidase method and the Hb Gold ana-lyzer HPLC was used to measure HbA1C. For de-termination of leptin, IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and insu-lin concentrations, the enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) method was used. P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Means of BMI and age did not differ significantly between the two groups. Mean se-rum levels of IGF-1, leptin, insulin, FPG and HbA1c concentrations in type 2 diabetics were significantly higher than in controls (p<0.05). In both groups, mean serum levels of leptin in males, were statistically lower than in females. Strong correlations were found between IGF-1 and IGFBP-3, leptin and insulin, IGF-1 and age, and between BMI and FPG in both patients and controls (p<0.05). A negative correlation was ob-served between IGF-1 and HbA1c in patients and controls (p< 0.05).
Conclusion: It is concluded that leptin and the IGF-1 system, could influence body composition and fat content, particularly in obese and over-weight diabetic patients.