Changes in Cytokines, Biomarkers of Bone Turnover and Hormones are Associated with Bone Loss in Postmenopausal Indian Women

authors:

avatar Meena Desai 1 , * , avatar Mohammed Ikram Khatkhatay 2 , avatar Vijaya Taskar 2 , avatar Zakiya Ansari 2

Department Molecular Immunodiagnostics, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, mends153@gmail.com, India
Department Molecular Immunodiagnostics, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, India
International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism: Vol.10, issue 1; 399-403
article type: Original Article
received: October 31, 2011
accepted: January 20, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5812/ijem.3339

how to cite: Desai M, Khatkhatay M, Taskar V, Ansari Z. Changes in Cytokines, Biomarkers of Bone Turnover and Hormones are Associated with Bone Loss in Postmenopausal Indian Women. Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2012;10(1): 399-403. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijem.3339.

Abstract

Background: The pro-inflammatory cytokines that are associated with the decline in ovarian function during menopause are involved in the pathophysiology of postmenopausal bone loss, which has not been examined in Indian postmenopausal women.
Objectives: This study assessed the extent of changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines in relation to bone turnover markers, hormones, and bone mineral density (BMD) during menopausal transition in Indian women.
Material/Patients and Methods: Levels of interleukin 1 (IL1 β), interleukin 6 (IL6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF α); the bone markers osteocalcin (OC), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), carboxy terminal telopeptide (CTX), and deoxypyridoniline (DPD); and the hormones parathyroid hormone (PTH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and estrone glucuronide (E1G) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA)  in blood and urine samples of premenopausal (age: 21-40 years, n=124) and menopausal women (41-70 years, n=256) without fractures. Bone mineral density (BMD) in the femur and spine was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
Results: Of the cytokines that were measured, only IL6 increased significantly in all 3 groups of menopausal women (compared with premenopausal healthy women. The changes in IL6 paralleled changes in markers of bone resorption and correlated positively with bone turnover markers and negatively with BMD and E1G levels. In menopausal women, the rise in IL6, CTX, and DPD was high ( > 100%) and was associated with a decline in E1G ( > 75%) and BMD levels ( > 22%) during the first 5 years of menopause, indicating that bone loss is confined to the first decade of menopause.
Conclusions: IL6 correlates negatively with estrogens and BMD and positively with bone resorption markers. Thus, IL6 levels, in conjunction with CTX, DPD, and estrogen levels, improve the prediction of bone loss in menopausal women.

  • Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:

The article will be help Clinicians in predicting and planning correct strategies for postmenopausal bone loss.

  • Please cite this paper as:

Desai M, Khatkhatay MI, Taskar V, Ansari Z. Changes in Cytokines, Biomarkers of Bone Turnover and Hormones Are Associated With Bone Loss in Postmenopausal Indian Women. Int J Endrocrinol Metab. 2012:10(1): 399-403. DOI: 10.5812/ijem.3339

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