Pediatric Flexible Flatfoot; Clinical Aspects and Algorithmic Approach

authors:

avatar Reza Mazaheri 1 , * , avatar Farzin Halabchi 2 , avatar Maryam Mirshahi 3 , avatar Ladan Abbasian 4

Iranian Journal of Pediatrics: Vol.23, issue 3; 247-260
published online: February 17, 2013
article type: Review Article
received: September 04, 2012
accepted: January 24, 2013

how to cite: Mazaheri R, Halabchi F, Mirshahi M, Abbasian L. Pediatric Flexible Flatfoot; Clinical Aspects and Algorithmic Approach. Iran J Pediatr. 2013;23(3): 247-260. 

Abstract

Flatfoot constitutes the major cause of clinic visits for pediatric foot problems. The reported prevalence of flatfoot varies widely due to numerous factors. It can be divided into flexible and rigid flatfoot. Diagnosis and management of pediatric flatfoot has long been the matter of controversy. Common assessment tools include visual inspection, anthropometric values, footprint parameters and radiographic evaluation. Most flexible flatfeet are physiologic, asymptomatic, and require no treatment. Otherwise, the physician should treat symptomatic flexible flatfeet. Initial treatment options include activity modification, proper shoe and orthoses, exercises and medication. Furthermore, comorbidities such as obesity and ligamenous laxity should be identified and managed, if applicable. When all nonsurgical treatment options faile, surgery can be considered. Our purpose in this article is to present a clinical algorithmic approach to pediatric flatfoot.

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