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Iranian Journal of Radiology

An Innovative Journal in the Field of Radiology

e-ISSN 2008-2711
p-ISSN 1735-1065
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https://doi.org/10.5812/iranjradiol.48016

Fetal and Maternal Outcomes of Isolated Single Umbilical Artery

Authors

Amirhossein Hashemi Attar1,*, Narges Afzali1, Fatemeh Hafezi1, Zahra Amini1
1Isalmic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Iran
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]. Email: [email protected]
Iranian Journal of Radiology:Vol. 14, issue Special Issue; e48016
Published online:Apr 12, 2017
Article type:Abstract
Received:Dec 20, 2016
Accepted:Feb 07, 2017
How to Cite:Hashemi Attar A, Afzali N, Hafezi F, Amini Z. Fetal and Maternal Outcomes of Isolated Single Umbilical Artery. I J Radiol. 2017;14(Special Issue):e48016. doi: https://doi.org/10.5812/iranjradiol.48016

Abstract

Background:

The umbilical cord normally consists of two arteries and one vein. Single umbilical artery (SUA) is a condition in which the cord contains only one artery. SUA may be isolated or associated with congenital anomalies. This anatomic variation can be detected by ultrasound evaluation in approximately 0.5% of pregnancies. The incidence of adverse outcomes primarily depends on whether SUA is an isolated finding or associated with fetal abnormalities and aneuploidy. The aim of this study was to investigate fetal and maternal outcomes of isolated SUA.

Methods:

In this cohort study, 21 fetuses with isolated SUA, and 21 fetuses with normal three-vessel umbilical cord were included. All cases were examined by advanced fetal anomaly scan. In addition, cardiac, genitourinary, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, and neurologic anomalies were excluded. Two group were monitored during pregnancy, at delivery, and neonatal period. Perinatal and maternal outcomes were recorded.

Results:

Among 21 fetuses with isolated SUA, the left and right arteries were absent in 12 and 9 fetuses, respectively. Interestingly, the mean head circumference at birth was significantly lower in the isolated SUA group compared to the 3-vessel group (33.35 + 2.06 cm vs 35.21 + 1.47 cm, P = 0.002). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in birth weight and length, as well as incidence of polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios, intrauterine growth retardation, intrauterine fetal death, small for gestational age, preterm delivery, cesarean delivery due to fetal distress, and neonatal intensive care unit admission.

Conclusions:

In the absence of associated anomalies, the risk of incidence of adverse events does not appear to be increased significantly with isolated SUA. Therefore, supplementary assessment and invasive tests are not recommended in fetuses with isolated SUA, unless fetal abnormalities are detected in routine evaluations.

Highlights

KeywordsFetusIsolatedSingle Umbilical ArteryUltrasound

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Copyright

© 2017, Author(s). This open-access article is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which allows for unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited.

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