A Variation of Azygos Venous System with Absence of Hemiazygos and Accessory Hemiazygos Veins: A Case Report

Mohsen Eslami Farsani; Reihaneh Seyedebrahimi; Shima  Ababzadeh; Maasoume  Abdollahi; Fatemeh Heidari

International Cardiovascular Research Journal

The Official Annually Journal of Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

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A Variation of Azygos Venous System with Absence of Hemiazygos and Accessory Hemiazygos Veins: A Case Report

Author(s):

Mohsen Eslami Farsani

¹,

Reihaneh Seyedebrahimi

¹,

Shima Ababzadeh

²,

Maasoume Abdollahi³,

Fatemeh Heidari

^1,*

1Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, IR Iran

2Tissue Engineering Department, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, IR Iran

3Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran

International Cardiovascular Research Journal:Vol. 16, issue 1; e121073

Published online:Mar 01, 2022

Article type:Case Report

Received:Nov 09, 2021

Accepted:Feb 16, 2022

How to Cite:Eslami Farsani M, Seyedebrahimi R, Ababzadeh S, Abdollahi M, Heidari F. A Variation of Azygos Venous System with Absence of Hemiazygos and Accessory Hemiazygos Veins: A Case Report.Int Cardiovasc Res J.2022;16(1):e121073.

Abstract

Introduction: The structure of the azygos venous system often has different variations. There are many variations in origin, course, tributaries, anastomosis, and termination in the azygos vein. Embryologically, the azygos venous system originates from subcardinal veins, and changes in the azygos venous system development create several variations.
Case Presentation: The azygos vein system was evaluated in the cadaver of a 55-year-old man whose hemiazygos and accessory hemiazygos veins could not be found. The right posterior intercostal veins directly opened into the azygos vein. There was no variation in the right side, while there was a variation in the drainage of the left posterior intercostal veins. The first left posterior intercostal vein was directly drained into the brachiocephalic vein, while the second, third, and fourth left posterior intercostal veins were drained to the azygos vein through the left superior intercostal vein. Besides, a connection was formed between the fifth and sixth left posterior intercostal veins before being drained to the azygos vein. There was also a short connection between the seventh and eighth left posterior intercostal veins. The connection between the tenth and eleventh left posterior intercostal veins was formed on one anastomotic circle and this common trunk was opened to the azygos vein near the entrance to the ninth left posterior intercostal vein.

Conclusion: The present case was consistent with type III in the Anson classification system with the prevalence of 1-5%. Variations of the hemiazygos and accessory hemiazygos veins were confirmed by means of computerized tomography. This could precisely clarify one of the variations of the mediastinal vessels. The embryological pattern of the azygos system for this variation was discussed, as well.

Keywords

Anatomy

Variation

Hemiazygos vein

Accessory hemiazygos vein

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Author(s):

Mohsen Eslami Farsani:[PubMed][Scholar]
Reihaneh Seyedebrahimi:[PubMed][Scholar]
Shima Ababzadeh :[PubMed][Scholar]
Maasoume Abdollahi:[PubMed][Scholar]
Fatemeh Heidari:[PubMed][Scholar]