Are Electrolyte Imbalances Related to 3-Month Outcomes in Patients with an Acute Myocardial Infarction? A Cohort Study from Iran

authors:

avatar Salman Nikfarjam 1 , avatar Elham Ramezanzade ORCID 2 , avatar Yasaman Borghei 1 , avatar Bahare Gholami Chaboki ORCID 1 , avatar Baharak Alizadeh 1 , avatar Samaneh Karami 1 , avatar Arsalan Salari ORCID 1 , avatar Seyedeh Fatemeh Mirrazeghi 1 , *

Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran
Regenerative Medicine, Organ Procurement and Disciplinary Center, Razi Hospital, School Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran
International Cardiovascular Research Journal: Vol.17, issue 2; e138445
published online: June 30, 2023
article type: Research Article
revised: September 05, 2023
accepted: October 04, 2023

how to cite: Nikfarjam S, Ramezanzade E, Borghei Y, Gholami Chaboki B, Alizadeh B, et al. Are Electrolyte Imbalances Related to 3-Month Outcomes in Patients with an Acute Myocardial Infarction? A Cohort Study from Iran. Int Cardiovasc Res J. 2023;17(2):e138445. 

Abstract

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Contradictory findings are available regarding the effects of changes in electrolytes in patients with an AMI.
Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of electrolyte changes on the 3-month outcome.
Methods: A total of 168 patients with AMI managed at Dr. Heshmat Hospital in Rasht, Iran, were investigated in this prospective cohort study by a census method. AMI was confirmed by biochemical, electrocardiographic, or angiographic evidence. Electrolyte serum levels, demographic characteristics, myocardial infarction type, ejection fraction (EF), and underlying diseases were collected in a checklist in the early hours after each patient entered the hospital. Information about patients' outcomes and echocardiographic data were collected after three months. All data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.
Results: Out of 162 patients with AMI, most (44%) were aged between 50 to 59 years, and 76.8% were men. In all models, the odds of non-recovery remained constant with increasing electrolytes. On uni-variable and multi-variable models, sodium showed a significant positive association with initial EF (unstandardized coefficient = 0.8 in both uni-variable and multi-variable models, approximately), and phosphorus displayed a significant negative association with initial EF (unstandardized coefficient = -4.5 in both uni-variable and multi-variable models, approximately). There was no significant association of electrolytes with follow-up EF in all models.
Conclusions: In this study, the phosphorus and sodium serum levels were significantly related to the initial EF. However, none of the studied electrolytes impacted the 3-month outcome in AMI patients.

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