https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm.5074

Diversity and Distribution Patterns of Airborne Microfungi in Indoor and Outdoor Hospital Environments in Khorramabad, Southwest Iran

authors:

avatar Asghar Sepahvand ORCID 1 , avatar Masoomeh Shams-Ghahfarokhi ORCID 1 , * , avatar Abdolamir Allameh 2 , avatar Mehdi Razzaghi-Abyaneh 3

Department of Medical Mycology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, shamsm@modares.ac.ir, IR Iran
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, IR Iran
Department of Mycology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, IR Iran
Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology: Vol.6, issue 2; 186-192
published online: March 2, 2013
article type: Research Article
received: April 11, 2012
accepted: May 27, 2012

how to cite: Sepahvand A, Shams-Ghahfarokhi M, Allameh A, Razzaghi-Abyaneh M. Diversity and Distribution Patterns of Airborne Microfungi in Indoor and Outdoor Hospital Environments in Khorramabad, Southwest Iran. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2013;6(2): 186-192. https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm.5074.

Abstract

Background:

Nosocomial fungal infections could arise from independent exposure to airborne spores of filamentous fungi existing in the hospital environment.

Objectives:

The present study aimed to determine the mycoflora of indoor and outdoor environments of five major hospitals in Khorramabad, Iran.

Materials and Methods:

Sampling of air was done from indoor and outdoor environments of wards, surroundings and green space of hospitals by settle plate method. To obtain the sample from surfaces, pre-moistened swabs with cotton-tipped sticks were applied on different surfaces (floor, the walls, windows, beds, trolleys, laryngoscope and angiography devices). Culture plates of air and surfaces on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Malt Extract Agar (MEA) were incubated in the dark at 28 C and examined daily for fungal colonies for two to three weeks. Fungal isolates were identified by a combination of their macroscopic and microscopic criteria after purification on isolation culture media.

Results:

A total of 707 fungal colonies including, Penicillium (29.14%), Cladosporium (24.04%), Aspergillus (20.65%), Fusarium (9.05%), Alternaria (3.96%), Rhodotorula (1.69%), Cryptococcus neoformans (0.7%) and other fungi (10.77%) were isolated. All the examined high-risk parts of the hospitals were found to be contaminated by various fungi.

Conclusions:

Aspergillus was the most prominent genus in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and surgery, Cladosporium in Critical Care Unit (CCU), emergency and thalassemia, and Penicillium in orthopedic, emergency and neonatal sections. Among pathogenic yeasts, C. neoformans was isolated from ICU, surgery and orthopedic sections. The dimorphic fungal pathogen, Sporothrix schenckii, was reported from CCU. The isolated fungi specially the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium are potential threats for immunocompromised patients in the hospitals.

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