Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chronic oral administration of red grape seed extract (GSE) on brain oxidative stress induced after permanent bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion (BCCAO) in male adult rats.
Methods: Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats (220±20g). The rats were divided randomly into four groups of 8 in each: 1) Sham+Veh; 2) Sham+GSE; 3) Isch+Veh; 4) Isch+GSE. In order to make animal model of permanent cerebral hypoperfusion/ischemia, both carotid arteries were ligated upper and lower and cut bilaterally. The animals in the treatment groups received a dose of 100 mg/kg GSE daily, by oral gavage (PO) for 4 weeks. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and total thiol (–SH) groups were measured in homogenate of cerebral hippocampus and cortex.
Results: MDA elevated significantly in rats’ hippocampus and cortex after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion/ischemia when compared with sham rats (P<0.05 and P<0.001 respectively). Biochemical examinations revealed that GSE reversed the increased level of brain tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), and attenuated decreased activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in BCCAO rats.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that GSE exhibits therapeutic potential for oxidative stress induced by cerebral hypoperfusion/ischemia, which is most likely related, at least in part, to its antioxidative and free radical scavenging actions.
Methods: Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats (220±20g). The rats were divided randomly into four groups of 8 in each: 1) Sham+Veh; 2) Sham+GSE; 3) Isch+Veh; 4) Isch+GSE. In order to make animal model of permanent cerebral hypoperfusion/ischemia, both carotid arteries were ligated upper and lower and cut bilaterally. The animals in the treatment groups received a dose of 100 mg/kg GSE daily, by oral gavage (PO) for 4 weeks. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and total thiol (–SH) groups were measured in homogenate of cerebral hippocampus and cortex.
Results: MDA elevated significantly in rats’ hippocampus and cortex after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion/ischemia when compared with sham rats (P<0.05 and P<0.001 respectively). Biochemical examinations revealed that GSE reversed the increased level of brain tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), and attenuated decreased activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in BCCAO rats.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that GSE exhibits therapeutic potential for oxidative stress induced by cerebral hypoperfusion/ischemia, which is most likely related, at least in part, to its antioxidative and free radical scavenging actions.
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Copyright
© 2018, Jundishapur Journal of Physiology. This open-access article is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0) International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which allows for the copying and redistribution of the material only for noncommercial purposes, provided that the original work is properly cited.