Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Genetic, metabolic, systemic, and renal hemodynamic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of DN. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), hypertension, oxidative stress, inflammation, and genetic susceptibility are risk factors for susceptibility to DN and its development. Management approaches of DN are based on the inhibitors of some components of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), AGEs, and protein kinase C (PKC) and combined antioxidants therapy with anti-inflammatory agents. The present review looks at some mechanisms involved in DN and its progression and also management approaches according to the inhibition of the risk factors of the disease.
Keywords
Fulltext
References
-
1.
The references of this article is available on PDF.
Copyright
© 2016, Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. This open-access article is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0) International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which allows for the copying and redistribution of the material only for noncommercial purposes, provided that the original work is properly cited.