Cytotoxic effects of palladium complexes containing squaric ligands and sulfosuccinic acid on cancer cell lines

authors:

avatar Hadi Adibi 1 , * , avatar Narges Zandieh 2 , avatar Kamran Mansouri 3

Novel Drug Delivery Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences: Vol.18, issue 11; e73996
published online: February 27, 2015
article type: Original Article
received: August 30, 2014
accepted: January 27, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22110/jkums.v18i11.1232

how to cite: Adibi H, Zandieh N, Mansouri K. Cytotoxic effects of palladium complexes containing squaric ligands and sulfosuccinic acid on cancer cell lines. J Kermanshah Univ Med Sci. 2015;18(11):e73996. https://doi.org/10.22110/jkums.v18i11.1232.

Abstract

Background: Some metal complex derivatives can have an effective role in cancer treatment. The most common used components are platinum complexes which have numerous side effects, whereas, palladium complexes have shown fewer toxicity rate.
Methods: Some of palladium complexes were designed and synthesized for biological evaluation based on the squaric and sulfosuccinic acid ligands.
Results: the cytotoxic effects of the synthesized complexes, including 2-iodo squarato palladium (II), 2-iodo sulfosuccinate palladium (II) and 2-amino squarato palladium (II) on different cell lines (Hela, MCF-7, K562, and HUVEC) were examined. To determine the toxicity effect, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and trypan blue staining technique were used and the results were compared with cis-platinum. 
Conclusion: the analysis of binding of new groups to palladium showed higher toxicity of 2-iodo sulfosuccinate palladium on normal cells than control compound. The comparison of compounds indicated that amino group increased the efficacy. Replacement of ion atoms by amino group in 2-amino squarato palladium enhanced the efficacy of the compound on cancer cell lines. 2-amino squarato palladium exerted the maximum effect on PC3 cell line and the minimum effect on Hela with IC50s of 4.33 µM and 18.88µM, respectively. Moreover, 2-amino squarato palladium (II) indicated less toxicity on HUVEC in comparison to cis-platinum.

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