Evaluation of Bisphenol A solution toxicity before and after ultrasonic and hydrogen peroxide processes using Daphnia Magna bioassay

Background: Bisphenol-A is categorized as a toxic and refractory organic matter. Ultrasonic process considered as an effective method for degradation of refractory organic matters in the environment which is achieved by the production of fine bubbles through cavitation process. This study is conducted for assessment of the toxicity of effluents containing Bisphenol-A which was treated by Ultrasonic and hydrogen peroxide processes using Daphnia Magna organism.

Methods: The bioassay test was conducted using Daphnia Magna organisms as a toxicity indicator. Sono-chemical experiments were applied by an ultrasonic unit with 500 W input power and frequencies of 35 and 130 kHz. Samples were gathered from reactors with Bisphenol-A concentration for more than 100 mg/L. The concentration of Peroxide was more than 2 mg/L.

Results: The bioassay experiments showed that Daphnia Magna organism was affected with toxicity of Bisphenol-A. The LC50-24 hr, LC50-48 hr, LC50-72 hr, LC50-96 hr were 42.94, 34.48, 24.26 and 20.22 mg/L, respectively. The toxicity of the Bisphenol-A oxidation process with Ultrasonic and peroxide was less than the toxicity of initial wastewater.

Conclusion: Based on the bioassay experiment with Daphnia Magna organisms, the ultrasonic+Hydrogen peroxide could effectively reduce the toxicity of Bisphenol-A through degradation to less toxic matters and hence could be considered as a proper method for treatment of wastewater containing Bisphenol-A.