Examining Impulse-Variability Theory and the Speed-Accuracy Trade-Off in Children's Kicking Performance

Sergio L. Molina; David F. Stodden

doi:10.61186/ijmcl.5.3.36

Journal of Motor Control and Learning

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https://doi.org/10.61186/ijmcl.5.3.36

Examining Impulse-Variability Theory and the Speed-Accuracy Trade-Off in Children's Kicking Performance

Author(s):

Sergio L. Molina

^1,*,

David F. Stodden

²

1University of the Ozarks, Department of Education

2University of South Carolina, Department of Physical Education

Journal of Motor Control and Learning:Vol. 5, issue 3; 36-42

Published online:Aug 13, 2023

Article type:Research Article

Received:May 13, 2023

Accepted:Aug 06, 2023

How to Cite:Sergio L. MolinaDavid F. StoddenExamining Impulse-Variability Theory and the Speed-Accuracy Trade-Off in Children's Kicking Performance.J Motor Control Learn.5(3):e143462.https://doi.org/10.61186/ijmcl.5.3.36.

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the applicability of impulse-variability theory and the speed-accuracy trade-off in children’s kicking performance.

Methods: Forty-three children ages 9-11 were instructed to kick a ball at a target at 45%, 65%, 85%, and 100% of their maximum kicking speed. Results indicated a significant quadratic relationship in variable error across the target conditions (p=0.048), such that children demonstrated significantly lower variable error at 65% versus 100% max speed. Additionally, there was a significant inverse linear relationship was indicated for spatial error (p<.0001), with post-hoc analyses indicating that mean radial error at <59%, 60-69%, and 70-79% of maximum speed was higher than at >90% of maximum speed.

Results: These data demonstrated that principles of impulse-variability theory (i.e., inverted-U function) and the speed-accuracy trade-off were not supported for the multi-joint ballistic skill of kicking in this sample of children.

Conclusion: These results, along with other recent data, imply a need to reevaluate instructional emphases when promoting the learning of multi-joint ballistic skills such as kicking.

Keywords

Speed-accuracy trade-of

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Author(s):

Sergio L. Molina:[PubMed][Scholar]
David F. Stodden:[PubMed][Scholar]