Relationship between Self-efficacy and Perceived Burden among Schizophrenic Patients' Caregivers

authors:

avatar Azar Ramzani 1 , avatar Mehran Zarghami 2 , avatar Jamshid Yazdani Charati 3 , avatar Maedeh Bagheri 1 , avatar Hamideh AzimiLolaty 4 , *

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Sciences: Vol.6, issue 2; 91-97
published online: May 31, 2019
article type: Research Article
received: March 18, 2019
accepted: April 16, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jnms.jnms_13_19

how to cite: Ramzani A, Zarghami M, Yazdani Charati J, Bagheri M, AzimiLolaty H. Relationship between Self-efficacy and Perceived Burden among Schizophrenic Patients' Caregivers. J Nurs Midwifery Sci. 2019;6(2):e141130. https://doi.org/10.4103/jnms.jnms_13_19.

Abstract

Context: Caregiver burden is high in schizophrenia. Self-efficacy is an emotional and behavioral response to such stressors.
Aims: The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and the perceived’ burden among schizophrenic patients’ caregivers.
Setting and Design: A total of 384 schizophrenic patients’ caregivers referring to a psychiatry Clinic in Sari, Iran, were selected via convenient sampling, for this descriptive correlational study.
Materials and Methods: The caregivers filled the demographic questionnaire (the patient and the caregivers), the Zarit burden interview, and the general self-efficacy scale.
Statistical Analysis Used: Using SPPS 20 software, the demographics of the caregivers were compared using Chi-square tests for categorical data and t‑tests for continuous data. Pearson’s correlation and regression method were applied after normality testing (P > 0.05).
Results: Among 40.5%, 38.7%, and 7.7% of the caregivers, the burden was mild-to-average, average-to-severe, and highly severe, respectively. The mean of caregivers’ self-efficacy and burden was 28.79 ± 5.60 and 40.11 ± 13.60, respectively. Furthermore, the burden had significant relationship with the patient’s disease duration and income, caregiver’s educational level, job, economic status, and relationship with the patient (P < 0.05). Besides, the caregivers’ self-efficacy had meaningful relationship with the patient’s gender, income potential, housing status, and with the caregiver’s age, gender, educational level, job, housing status, economic status, and relationship with the patient (P < 0.05). The relationship between caregivers’ burden and self-efficacy was significantly negative (r = −0.445, P = 0.001).
Conclusion: When the self-efficacy increases, the caregiver’s burden decreases. The importance of economic status of the caregivers and the patient requires special attention.

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