The Latest Scientific Findings on Autophagy as a Double-Edged Sword in Progression and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Mobina Emadi; Mohammad Javad Mousavi; Hossein Khorramdelazad; Rasoul Baharlou; Maryam Masoumi; Jafar Karami

doi:10.5812/koomesh-149455

Koomesh

Journal of Semnan University of Medical Sciences

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https://doi.org/10.69107/koomesh-149455

The Latest Scientific Findings on Autophagy as a Double-Edged Sword in Progression and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Author(s):

Mobina Emadi¹,

Mohammad Javad Mousavi²,

Hossein Khorramdelazad³,

Rasoul Baharlou⁴,

Maryam Masoumi^5,*,

Jafar Karami^6,**

1Student Research Committee, Khomin Faculty of Medical Sciences, Khomin, Iran

2Department of Hematology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran

3Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

4Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran

5Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran

6Department of Basic Sciences, Khomin Faculty of Medical Sciences, Khomin, Iran

Corresponding Authors:

Koomesh:Vol. 26, issue 3; e149455

Published online:Dec 10, 2024

Article type:Review Article

How to Cite:Mobina EmadiMohammad Javad MousaviHossein KhorramdelazadRasoul BaharlouMaryam MasoumiJafar Karamiet al.The Latest Scientific Findings on Autophagy as a Double-Edged Sword in Progression and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.koomesh.26(3):e149455.https://doi.org/10.69107/koomesh-149455.

Abstract

Autophagy is an important intracellular physiological mechanism that breaks down cytoplasmic organelles and components for energy supply. Autophagy also monitors cells by removing intracellular pathogens, damaged organelles, and abnormally accumulated proteins, which protect cells. Indeed, autophagy preserves and survives the cells by tracking the cytosol. It has been documented that there are relationships between autophagy and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Autophagy is involved in various processes such as the development, survival, and proliferation of immune cells, thereby playing an important role in the pathogenesis of RA. In addition, autophagy is implicated in the process of protein citrullination, which is an important process in RA. It has been found that autophagy participates in the presentation of citrullinated peptides through MHC molecules to T lymphocytes, leading to immune response and chronic inflammation in RA. Furthermore, the body of evidence shows that autophagy enhances apoptosis resistance, and increases osteoclastogenesis (destruction of bone tissue), which ultimately leads to severe destruction of bone and cartilage. Due to the important role of autophagy in RA pathogenesis, we investigated the role of autophagy in important mechanisms involved in RA. This review article presents the autophagy involvement in mechanisms such as protein citrullination, osteoclastogenesis, survival of immune cells, apoptosis resistance, lymphocyte homeostasis, and its role in the clinical manifestations of RA.

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Author(s):

Mobina Emadi:[PubMed][Scholar]
Mohammad Javad Mousavi:[PubMed][Scholar]
Hossein Khorramdelazad:[PubMed][Scholar]
Rasoul Baharlou:[PubMed][Scholar]
Maryam Masoumi:[PubMed][Scholar]
Jafar Karami:[PubMed][Scholar]