Evaluation of health and hydrogeochemical parameters of Karst water resources in Golestan Province (Iran)

How to Cite:Paniz NiksiarYousef DadbanSeyed Ahmad MirbagheriHamidreza NassehiniaEvaluation of health and hydrogeochemical parameters of Karst water resources in Golestan Province (Iran).koomesh.18(3):e151120.

Abstract

Introduction: Water resources in karst areas are very important water supply from the aspects of quantity and quality in the world. Due to the wide scattering these resources in the country and in the province, this study was performed to determine the quality of karst water resources in Golestan province. Materials and Methods: In this study the chemical and microbial quality of water of the most important Karst resources of Golestan Province (Iran) due to potability and irrigational consumption was performed in the Gorgan, Kalaleh, Azadshahr and Galikash cities, as a sectional manner within the two seasons of 2014-2015. For this purpose, 10 parameters of 12 water Karst resources were determined and qualitative classification of water was performed using Aq.qa software. Results: Results showed that the qualities of the total water resources are in the ranges of hard and very hard waters. The survey of water quality class showed that most of water samples were excellent in two seasons. Due to the Wilcox quality index, some of the resources as appropriate for agricultural use and some are not. All of samples are in middle class for drinking and no bacterial contaminants observed in water samples. Conclusion: Generally, considering the importance of Karst resources in terms of proper quality and quantity compared with water dams in the country and the Golestan Province, comprehensive survey and study in quantitative and qualitative aspects of these resources should be done as a solution for supplying of agricultural irrigations and drinking waters.

Keywords

References

1.
Farzadkia M, Nasseri S, Rezaei Kalantary R, Asgharnia H, Gohari MR, Esrafili A, et al. Water quality zoning in babolrood river using national sanitation foundation water quality index and geographic information system. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2016; 25: 357-362. (Persian).
2.
Masoudi Nejad MRAY, A.R. Removal of chrome and nickel from sewages-polluted water sources by using Oak fruit. Koomesh 2004; 6: 7-14. (Persian).
3.
Kresic N. Hydrogeology and Groundwater Modeling, Second Edition: Taylor & Francis; 2006.
4.
Ford D, Williams PD. Karst Hydrogeology and Geomorphology. England: Wiley; 2013.
5.
Comprehensive studies of Karst watershed in Maharloo. Shiraz, Iran: National Center for Studies and Researches in hard formations (karst) 2016 [updated 2016]; Available from: http://wri.ac.ir/HomePage.aspx?TabID=1&Site=DouranPortal&Lang=fa-IR.
6.
Davis M, Cornwell D. Introduction to Environmental Engineering: Fifth Edition: McGraw-Hill Higher Education; 2012.
7.
Moeinian KA, Tayebeh. Survey on six microbial quality indices inchlorinated swimming pools and Influence of pool depth and swimmers gender on it (case study). Koomesh 2016; 17: 426-432. (Persian).
8.
Statistical Yearbook. Tehran, Iran: Statistical Center of Iran; 2012; Available from: https://www.amar.org.ir/.
9.
Eaton AD, Franson MAH, Association APH, Association AWW, Federation WE. Standard methods for the examination of water & wastewater. 21, editor: American Public Health Association; 2005.
10.
Dasari VK. Environmental Hydrogeochemistry And Water Management Impact Assessment of Groundwater in Visakhapatnam Area using RS & GIS Techniques 2016.
11.
The characteristics of drinking water, Standard No. 1053. In: 5, editor. 5 ed. Iran: The Institute Standard and Industrial Research of Iran; 2009.
12.
Gray NF. Drinking water quality: problems and solutions: Cambridge University Press; 2008.
13.
Muyibi SA, Evison LM. Moringa oleifera seeds for softening hardwater. Water Res 1995; 29: 1099-1104.
14.
Marier JR, Neri L, Anderson T. Water hardness, human health, and the importance of magnesium. 1979.
15.
Bari JA, Vennila G, Subramani T, Suresh M, Karunanidhi D, Raja T. Hydrogeochemical investigation of groundwater in Bhavani taluk, Erode district, Tamil Nadu, India using GIS. 2016.
16.
Homayoonnezhad I, Amirian P, Piri I. Investigation on water quality of zabol chahnimeh reservoirs from drinking water and agricultural viewpoint with focus on schuler & vilcoks diagrams. J Environ Sci Technol 2016; 18: 1-13.
17.
Goswamee DS, Shah P, Patel Y. Analysis of quality of ground water and its suitability for irrigation purpose in visnagar Taluka, Mehsana District, Gujarat. 2015.
18.
Wilcox L. Classification and use of irrigation waters. USA.: United States Department of Agriculture; 1955.
19.
Ehteshami M, Biglarijoo N, Salari M. Assessment and quality classification of water in Karun, Dez and Karkheh Rivers. J River Eng 2014; 2: 23-30.
20.
Halliwell DJ, Barlow KM, Nash DM. A review of the effects of wastewater sodium on soil physical properties and their implications for irrigation systems. Soil Res 2001; 39: 1259-1267.
21.
Noguera JF, Rivero L, Font X, Navarro A, Martnez F. Simultaneous use of geochemical and geophysical methods to characterise abandoned landfills. Environ Geol 2002; 41: 898-905.
22.
Yang Y, Fang X, Koutsodendris A, Ye C, Yang R, Zhang W, Liu X, Gao S. Exploring Quaternary paleolake evolution and climate change in the western Qaidam Basin based on the bulk carbonate geochemistry of lake sediments. Palaeogeogr, Palaeoclimatol, Palaeoecol 2016; 446: 152-161.
23.
Dadban Shahamat Y, Roshanak RK, Ali ZM, Ali B, Dariush Z. Disinfection of effluent using catalytic ozonation process and economical comparison with chlorination. J Mazand Univ Med Sci 2016; 26: 103-114. (Persian).
24.
Logeshkumaran A, Magesh N, Godson PS, Chandrasekar N. Hydro-geochemistry and application of water quality index (WQI) for groundwater quality assessment, Anna Nagar, part of chennai city, tamil nadu, India. Appl Water Sci 2015; 5: 335-343##.

comments