Psychometric assessment of somatic symptoms experiences instrument based on DSM-5

authors:

avatar sohrab amiri , * , avatar Yosef Jamali

Koomesh: Vol.20, issue 4; 699-704
published online: March 29, 2018
article type: issue_documents_importer
received: November 01, 2016
accepted: March 07, 2018

how to cite: amiri S, Jamali Y. Psychometric assessment of somatic symptoms experiences instrument based on DSM-5. koomesh. 2018;20(4):e153014. 

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of somatic symptoms experiences questionnaire based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 416 students were selected by using multi-stage cluster sampling, then Somatic Symptoms Experiences Questionnaire (SSEQ), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Silver Lining Questionnaire (SLQ) were distributed among them to respond. After collecting data to determine the psychometric properties of the SSEQ, initially validity of the scale was assessed by Cronbach;#39s alpha, retest and splitting coefficient, the criterion validity with GHQ and SLQ. As well as its factor structure was assessed by using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The results of the factor analysis indicated that the SSEQ has four factors, check the validity of the scale by using Cronbach;#39s alpha, retest and splitting coefficient reflects the stability of the scale, the criterion validity of the questionnaire with other questionnaires showed desirable discriminant and convergence validity. Conclusion: Conclusively, the findings indicated that the SSEQ has good psychometric properties, and this tool can be used in studies in the normal population

References

  • 1.

    Hanel G, Henningsen P, Herzog W, Sauer N, Schaefert R, Szecsenyi J, et al. Depression, anxiety, and somatoform disorders: vague or distinct categories in primary care? Results from a large cross-sectional study. J Psychosom Res 2009; 67: 189-197.

  • 2.

    Barsky AJ, Orav EJ, Bates DW. Somatization increases medical utilization and costs independent of psychiatric and medical comorbidity. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005; 62: 903-910.

  • 3.

    Witthft M, Hiller W. Psychological approaches to origins and treatments of somatoform disorders. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2010; 6: 257-283.

  • 4.

    American Psychiatric Association. Diagnosticand Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-5. 5th ed. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013.

  • 5.

    Voigt K, Wollburg E, Weinmann N, Herzog A, Meyer B, Langs G, et al. Predictive validity and clinical utility of DSM-5 somatic symptom disorder-comparison with DSM-IV somatoform disorders and additional criteria for consideration. J Psychosom Res November 2012; 73: 345-350.

  • 6.

    Rief W, Martin A. How to use the new DSM-5 Somatic symptom disorder diagnosis in research and practice: a critical evaluation and a proposal for modifications. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2014; 10: 339-367.

  • 7.

    Herzog A, Voigt K, Meyer B, Wollburg E, Weinmann N, Langs G, Lwe B. Psychological and interactional characteristics of patients with somatoform disorders: validation of the somatic symptoms experiences questionnaire (SSEQ) in a clinical psychosomatic population. J Psychosom Res 2015; 553-562.

  • 8.

    Creed F. The relationship between somatic symptoms, health anxiety, and outcome in medical out-patients. Psychiatr Clin North Am September 2011; 34: 545-564.

  • 9.

    Rief W, Mewes R, Martin A, Glaesmer H, Braehler E. Are psychological features useful in classifying patients with somatic symptoms? Psychosom Med 2010; 72: 648-655.

  • 10.

    Zijlema WL, Stolk RP, Lowe B, Rief W, White PD, Rosmalen JG. How to assess common somatic symptoms in large-scale studies: a systematic review of questionnaires. J Psychosom Res 2013; 74: 459-468.

  • 11.

    Gierk B, Kohlmann S, Kroenke K, Spangenberg L, Zenger M, Brahler E, et al. The Somatic Symptom Scale-8 (SSS-8): a brief measure of somatic symptom burden. JAMA Intern Med March 2014; 174: 399-407.

  • 12.

    Gierk B, Kohlmann S, Toussaint A, Wahl I, Brunahl CA, Murray AM, et al. Assessing somatic symptom burden: a psychometric comparison of the patient health questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15) and the Somatic Symptom Scale-8 (SSS-8). J Psychosom Res 2015; 78: 352-355.

  • 13.

    Klaus K, Mewes R. Assessment of the new DSM-5 diagnosis somatic symptom disorder (300.82). Verhaltenstherapie Verhaltensmedizin 2013; 34: 399-418.

  • 14.

    Pilowsky I. Dimensions of hypochondriasis. Br J Psychiatry 1967; 113: 89-93.

  • 15.

    Voigt K, Nagel A, Meyer B, Langs G, Braukhaus C, Lwe B. Towards positive criteria: a systematic review of somatoform disorder diagnoses and suggestions for future classification. J Psychosom Res 2010; 68: 403-414.

  • 16.

    Goldberg DP, Hillier VF. A scaled version of general health questionnaire. Psycho Med 1979; 9: 131-145.

  • 17.

    Hodiamont P, Peer N, Syben N. Epidemilogical aspects of psychiatric disorder iv a Dutch health area. Psycho Med 1978; 17: 495-505.

  • 18.

    Sodergren SC, Hyland ME. Qualitative phase in the development of the silver lining questionnaire. Qual Life Res 1997; 6: 365-373.

  • 19.

    Sodergren SC, Hyland ME. What are the positive consequences of illness? Psychol Health 2000; 15: 85-97.

  • 20.

    Hyland ME, Sodergren SC, Lewith GT. Chronic fatigue syndrome: the role of positivity to illness in chronic fatigue syndrome patients. J Health Psychol 2006; 11: 731-741.

  • 21.

    Jreskog KG, Srbom D. LISREL 8.80 for Windows [Computer Software]. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International, Inc. 2006.

  • 22.

    Brown TA. Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York: Guilford Press. (2006).

  • 23.

    Schermelleh-Engel K, Moosbrugger H, Mller H. Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness of fit measures. Psychol Res 2003; 8: 23-74.

  • 24.

    Hair JF, Black WC, Babin BJ, Anderson RE. Multivariate data analysis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall; 2009.

  • 25.

    Hu LT, Bentler PM. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling A: Multidisciplinary J 1999; 6: 1-55.

  • 26.

    Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. Using multivariate statistics (5th ed). Boston, MA: Pearson; 2007.##.