Application of health belief model to identify predictors of colorectal cancer screening intention

authors:

avatar Davood Mehrabi , *

Koomesh: Vol.24, issue 1; 69-77
published online: June 02, 2022
article type: Research Article
received: August 02, 2020
accepted: June 02, 2021

how to cite: Mehrabi D. Application of health belief model to identify predictors of colorectal cancer screening intention. koomesh. 2022;24(1):e154087. 

Abstract

Introduction: Belief in the usefulness and effectiveness of screening along with demographic characteristics are among the reasons for doing screening. The main purpose of this study was to identify the predictors of intention for doing colorectal cancer screening using health belief model and demographic characteristics. Materials and Methods: The present study is an analytical cross-sectional and the data collection process was performed from January to March 2018.  A total of 386 respondents participated in a self-administered survey using purposive sampling method. In order to investigate the relationship between variables, Chi-square coefficient and logistic regression (Enter Method) were used to identify predictors of colorectal cancer screening intention. Results: Examining the relationship between variables, it was found that perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and perceived self-efficacy are correlated with the intention to perform screening. Based on logistic regression analysis, of all the variables entered into the model, the variables include economic status, history of colorectal cancer testing, physical activity, smoking, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and perceived self-efficacy were statistically significant in predicting intention for doing the cancer screening. Conclusion: Applying health belief model variables and demographic variables in health-oriented programs and cancer screening campaigns can be effective to increase the screening rate of colorectal cancer.

References

  • 1.

    Maajani K, Khodadost M, Fattahi A, Shahrestanaki E, Pirouzi A, Khalili F, Fattahi H. Survival rate of colorectal cancer in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20: 13-21. https://doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.1.13 PMid:30677864 PMCid:PMC6485573.

  • 2.

    Ward E, Halpern M, Schrag N, Cokkinides V, DeSantis C, Bandi P, et al. Association of insurance with cancer care utilization and outcomes. CA Cancer J Clin 2008; 58: 9-31. https://doi.org/10.3322/CA.2007.0011 PMid:18096863.

  • 3.

    Mirzaei H, Panahi MH, Etemad K, Ghanbari-Motlagh A, Holakouie-Naini K. Evaluation of pilot colorectal cancer screening programs in Iran. Iran J Epidemiol 2016; 12: 21-28. (Persian).

  • 4.

    Mahmoudabadi M, Saeidifar A, Safizadeh H. Breast cancer screening behavior among nurses in Kerman teaching hospitals and its relationship with the health beliefs model scales. Iran Quart J Breast Dis 2018; 11: 56-65. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.30699/acadpub.ijbd..11.2.56.

  • 5.

    Javadzade SH, Reisi M, Mostafavi F, Hasanzade A, Shahnazi H, Sharifirad G. Factors associated with the fecal occult blood testing for colorectal cancer screening based on health belief model structures in moderate risk individuals, Isfahan, 2011. J Educ Health Promot 2012; 1: 18. https://doi.org/10.4103/2277-9531.99218 PMid:23555121 PMCid:PMC3577394.

  • 6.

    Ghobadi DK, Noroozi A, Tahmasebi R. Factors predicting fecal occult blood testing among residents of Bushehr, Iran, based on the health belief model. Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev 2016; 17: 17-22. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2016.17.S3.17 PMid:27165201.

  • 7.

    Safaee A, Moghimi-Dehkordi B, Fatemi SR, Pourhoseingholi MA, Vahedi M, Pourhoseingholi A, et al. Frequency of colorectal cancer in healthy individual's relatives: a cross-sectional population-based study. Koomesh 2011; 1: 129-133. (Persian).

  • 8.

    Quaife SL, Waller J, von Wagner C, Vrinten C. Cancer worries and uptake of breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening: a population-based survey in england. J Med Screen 2019; 26: 3-10. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969141318796258 PMid:30249158.

  • 9.

    Almadi MA, Alghamdi F. The gap between knowledge and undergoing colorectal cancer screening using the health belief model: a national survey. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2019; 25: 27-39. https://doi.org/10.4103/sjg.SJG_455_18 PMid:30618441 PMCid:PMC6373220.

  • 10.

    Khani Jeihooni A, Kashfi SM, Shokri A, Kashfi SH, Karimi S. Investigating factors associated with FOBT screening for colorectal cancer based on the components of health belief model and social support. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18: 2163-2169.

  • 11.

    Dolatkhah R, Somi MH, Jabbarpour Bonyadi M, Asvadi Kermani I, Farassati F, Dastgiri S. Colorectal cancer in Iran: molecular epidemiology and screening strategies. J Cancer Epidemiol 2015; 2015: 64302. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/643020 PMid:25685149 PMCid:PMC4312646.

  • 12.

    Leech NL, Barrett KC, Morgan GA. SPSS for Intermediate Statistics: Use and Interpretation (2 ed.). 2005. The USA: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410611420.

  • 13.

    Shouri Bidgoli AR, Taheri Kharame Z, Asayesh H, Sharififard F, Sheydaiyan Arani M, Hajaligol A, et al. Study of knowledge, attitude, and practice on colorectal cancer screening among individuals older than 50 years based on health belief model. Qom Univ Med Sci J 2015; 9: 59-65. (Persian).

  • 14.

    Evangelista Rodrigues D, Alves Moreira K, Souza de Oliveira T. Barriers to prevention of cervical cancer in the city of porto velho, rondonia, Brazil. Invest Educ Enferm 2016; 34: 59-67. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iee.v34n1a07.

  • 15.

    Alami A, Moshki M, Alimardani A. Development and validation of theory of planned behavior questionnaire for exclusive breastfeeding. Jo Neyshabur Univ Med Sci 2014; 2: 45-53. (Persian).

  • 16.

    Koo JH, Arasaratnam MM, Liu K, Redmond DM, Connor SJ, Sung JJ, Leong RW. Knowledge, perception and practices of colorectal cancer screening in an ethnically diverse population. Cancer Epidemiol 2010; 34: 604-610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2010.05.013 PMid:20580631.

  • 17.

    Rahimian Boogar I, Talepasand S, Norouzi H, Mozafari S, Hosseini SJ. The prediction of colorectal cancer screening based on the extended parallel process model: moderating the role of health literacy and cancer-related empowerment. Int J Cancer Manag 2018; 11. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm.62539.

  • 18.

    VanDyke SD, Shell MD. Health beliefs and breast cancer screening in rural appalachia: an evaluation of the health belief model. J Rural Health 2017; 33: 350-360. https://doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12204 PMid:27545099.

  • 19.

    Lin TY, Chuang ST, Huang SF, Hsu HP, Lu LT, Guo JL. Likelihood of a fecal occult blood test uptake among older adults: comparisons between health professionals and healthcare volunteers based on the health belief model. BMC Geriatrics 2019; 19: 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1067-5 PMid:30791892 PMCid:PMC6385387.

  • 20.

    Wong RK, Wong ML, Chan YH, Feng Z, Wai CT, Yeoh KG. Gender differences in predictors of colorectal cancer screening uptake: a national cross sectional study based on the health belief model. BMC Public Health 2013; 13: 677. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-677 PMid:23879593 PMCid:PMC3726512.

  • 21.

    Besharati F, Karimi-Shahanjarini A, Hazavehie SM, Bashirian S, Faradmal J. Predictors of colorectal cancer screening intention among iranian adults: an application of the preventive health model. J Prev Med Hyg 2018; 59: E159-E166.

  • 22.

    Al-Zalabani A. Preventability of colorectal cancer in Saudi Arabia: fraction of cases attributable to modifiable risk factors in 2015-2040. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010320 PMid:31906520 PMCid:PMC6981846.

  • 23.

    Al-Zalabani A. Cancer incidence attributable to Tobacco smoking in GCC countries in 2018. Tob Induc Dis 2020; 18. https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/118722 PMid:32256282 PMCid:PMC7107909.

  • 24.

    Naing C, Lai PK, Mak JW. Immediately modifiable risk factors attributable to colorectal cancer in malaysia. BMC Public Health 2017; 17: 637. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4650-8 PMid:28778191 PMCid:PMC5544995.

  • 25.

    Richardson A, Hayes J, Frampton C, Potter J. Modifiable lifestyle factors that could reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer in New Zealand. N Z Med J 2016; 129: 13-20.

  • 26.

    Frederiksen BL, Jrgensen T, Brasso K, Holten I, Osler M. Socioeconomic position and participation in colorectal cancer screening. Br J Cancer 2010; 103: 1496-1501. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6605962 PMid:20959827 PMCid:PMC2990593.