Abstract
Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a malignant clonal disorder of hematopoietic stem cells which results in increase of myeloid cells, erythroid cells and platelets in the peripheral blood and hyperplasia in bone marrow. Pterocarya fraxinifolia; (Juglandaceae) is widely distributed in northern area of Iran. The research evaluates the cytotoxic effect of n-butanol fraction, aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extracts of P. fraxinifolia leaves on K562 cell line as a model of chronic myeloid leukemia.
Materials and Methods: Leaves of P. fraxinifolia collected from Astara city and extraction using soxhlet method. K562 cells were cultured and treated with concentrations of extracts (12.5-400 µg/ml). Cytotoxicity of P. fraxinifolia extracts against K562 leukemia cells was estimated by the MTT test method. The absorbance was measured using an ELISA plate reader at 540 nm.
Results: Ethanolic extract showed the highest cytotoxic effect (IC50=148.66±11.64 µg/ml) whereas n-butanol fraction extract were least cytotoxic effect (IC50=248.97±6.71 µg/ml) among the extracts. Aqueous and methanol extracts showed the cytotoxic effect with the IC50=183.14±4.71 and 226.02±6.08 µg/ml on K562 cell line. Both ethanolic and n-butanol fraction extracts exhibited a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on K562 cell line.
Conclusions: Considering the cytotoxic effects aqueous and alcoholic extracts of P. fraxinifolia leaves on K562 cells, the plant can be considered as a potential candidate for further studies on CML treatment.
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© 2014, Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.