Microbial Evaluation of Sputum of Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Background: Cystic fibrosis disease is a common hereditary autosomal recessive disorder in which loss of lung function caused by infectious factors is the most common cause of the patient’s death. In this study, the microbes in sputum of the cystic fibrosis patients have been studied during relapses of the disease.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 129 sputum cultures of the patients with cystic fibrosis, who were hospitalized in Mofid Children's Hospital in Tehran during 2004-2009 with relapse of disease, were studied. The data were collected through census method and based on the information concerning (gender, age, type of germ and the appropriate antibiotics).
Results: The most common germs in the sputum of these patients are Pseudomonas aeruginosa (approximately 36%) and then respectively klebsiella (13%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.3%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (5.4%). Examination of antibiogram showed that these germs give an appropriate response to antibiotics such as Ceftazidime, vancomycin, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, rifampin and largely to aminoglycosides.
Conclusion: Considering the more prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, combined therapy with ceftazidime or imipenem along with aminoglycoside and further treatment with oral azithromycin are recommended. More studies in this area are necessary.