Evaluation of the efficacy of aminolevulinic acid-dependent photodynamic therapy on melanoma cancer cells treated with tocopherol succinate (in-vitro)

authors:

avatar Homa Kouchesfahani 1 , avatar Kazem Parivar 2 , avatar Mohammad Nabiuni 1 , avatar Mohaddese Mohammadi-Sardoo 3 , *

Assistant Professor of Biology, School of Science, Tarbiat Moallem University, Tehran, Iran.
Professor of Biology, School of Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
MSc of Biology, School of Science, Tarbiat Moallem University, Tehran, Iran.
Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: Vol.13, issue 8; e93752
published online: May 26, 2011
article type: Research Article
received: July 20, 2010
accepted: October 05, 2010

how to cite: Kouchesfahani H, Parivar K, Nabiuni M, Mohammadi-Sardoo M. Evaluation of the efficacy of aminolevulinic acid-dependent photodynamic therapy on melanoma cancer cells treated with tocopherol succinate (in-vitro). Zahedan J Res Med Sci. 2012;13(8):e93752. 

Abstract

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) to produce an intracellular  photo-sensitizer, a protoporphyrin molecule IX (PPIX) which absorbs light and targets cells, is a promising cancer treatment. Unfortunately, treatment failures are still a common occurrence when ALA is used. In this study, in order to enhance the efficacy of ALA-dependent photodynamic therapy, the effects of photodynamic therapy on melanoma cancer cells were studied after treating them with tocopherol succinate.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study melanoma cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium for 24 h. then, cells were treated with tocopherol succinate (6μm/ml). After 48 and 72 hours, the mediums were replaced by serum-free medium in the darkness, with ALA, 0.1mg/ml and then cells incubated for 4h. After that, cells were irradiated by using Nd: YAG laser (532 nm). After 24h, cell survival was measured by the MTT assay.
Results: Twenty-four hours after PDT, among compared groups, pretreated cells with tocopherol succinate showed significant lower cell viability than control group.
Conclusion: Induction of differentiation by using tocopherol succinate augmented intracellular PPIX accumulation in cells treated with ALA. Therefore phototoxic cell death after exposure to 532nm light enhances significantly in tocopherol succinate-pretreated cells. This study suggests that tocopherol succinate may act as a biological enhancer of ALA based photodynamic therapy.

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