Comparison of the Essential Oil and the Purified Thymoquinone in Different Varieties of Nigella sativa L. Cultivated in the Different Regions of Iran and Investigation of Their Antibacterial Activity

References

• 1.
  Alipour Y. [Antibacterial effects of crude venom and their protein fractions of Hottentotta saulcyi scorpion]. Koomesh. 2022;24(3):376-87. Persian.
• 2.
  Zargan J, Mirzaei nodushan M, Sobati H, Goodarzi H, Haji Noor Mohammadi A, Ebrahimi F. [Anti-cancer and anti-bacterial effects of crude venom of Pseudocerastes persicus snake]. Koomesh. 2020;22(3):518-28. Persian. https://doi.org/10.29252/koomesh.22.3.518.
• 3.
  Nabavi SM, Marchese A, Izadi M, Curti V, Daglia M, Nabavi SF. Plants belonging to the genus Thymus as antibacterial agents: from farm to pharmacy. Food Chem. 2015;173:339-47. [PubMed ID:25466031]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.042.
• 4.
  World Health Organization. World health statistics 2010. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2010. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241563987.
• 5.
  Fratini F, Cilia G, Turchi B, Felicioli A. Insects, arachnids and centipedes venom: A powerful weapon against bacteria. A literature review. Toxicon. 2017;130:91-103. [PubMed ID:28242227]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.02.020.
• 6.
  Sefidkon F. [Extraction and identification of active ingredients of Iranian medicinal and aromatic plants]. Iran Nature. 2021;6(3):7-35. Persian. https://doi.org/10.22092/irn.2021.124450.
• 7.
  Golparvar AR, Hadipanah A, Salehi S. Investigation of seed yield and oil quality of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) ecotypes cultivated in Isfahan province. Electronic J Biol. 2014;10(1):7-13.
• 8.
  Sharma NK, Ahirwar D, Jhade D, Gupta S. Medicinal and phamacological potential of nigella sativa: a review. Ethnobotanical leaflets. 2009;2009(7):11.
• 9.
  Darakhshan S, Tahvilian R, Colagar AH, Babolsar I. Nigella sativa: A plant with multiple therapeutic implications. Int J Pharma. 2015;2(5):190-214.
• 10.
  Nickavar B, Mojab F, Javidnia K, Amoli MA. Chemical composition of the fixed and volatile oils of Nigella sativa L. from Iran. Z Naturforsch C J Biosci. 2003;58(9-10):629-31. [PubMed ID:14577620]. https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2003-9-1004.
• 11.
  Akloul R, Benkaci-Ali F, Zerrouki M, Eppe G. Composition and biological activities of the essential oil of Nigella sativa seeds isolated by accelerated microwave steam distillation with cryogenic grinding. Am J Essential Oils Natural Product. 2014;1(3):23-33.
• 12.
  Farag MA, El-Ahmady SH, Elian FS, Wessjohann LA. Metabolomics driven analysis of artichoke leaf and its commercial products via UHPLC-q-TOF-MS and chemometrics. Phytochemistry. 2013;95:177-87. [PubMed ID:23902683]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.07.003.
• 13.
  Moretti A, D'Antuono LF, Elementi S. Essential Oils ofNigella sativaL. andNigella damascenaL. Seed. J Essential Oil Res. 2004;16(3):182-3. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2004.9698690.
• 14.
  Khader M, Eckl PM. Thymoquinone: an emerging natural drug with a wide range of medical applications. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2014;17(12):950-7. [PubMed ID:25859298]. [PubMed Central ID:PMC4387230].
• 15.
  Ghahramanloo KH, Kamalidehghan B, Akbari Javar H, Teguh Widodo R, Majidzadeh K, Noordin MI. Comparative analysis of essential oil composition of Iranian and Indian Nigella sativa L. extracted using supercritical fluid extraction and solvent extraction. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2017;11:2221-6. [PubMed ID:28814830]. [PubMed Central ID:PMC5546729]. https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S87251.
• 16.
  Hosseini SS, Nadjafi F, Asareh MH, Rezadoost H. Morphological and yield related traits, essential oil and oil production of different landraces of black cumin (Nigella sativa) in Iran. Scientia Horticulturae. 2018;233:1-8. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.01.038.
• 17.
  Ghosheh OA, Houdi AA, Crooks PA. High performance liquid chromatographic analysis of the pharmacologically active quinones and related compounds in the oil of the black seed (Nigella sativa L.). J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1999;19(5):757-62. [PubMed ID:10698539]. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0731-7085(98)00300-8.
• 18.
  Toma C-C, Simu GM, Hanganu D, Olah N, Vata FMG, Hammami C, et al. Chemical composition of the Tunisian Nigella sativa. Note I. Profile on essential oil. Farmacia. 2010;58(4):458-64.
• 19.
  Edris AE, Wawrzyniak P, Kalemba D. Subcritical CO2 extraction of a volatile oil-rich fraction from the seeds of Nigella sativa for potential pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. J Essential Oil Res. 2017;30(2):84-91. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2017.1391721.
• 20.
  Kiralan M. Volatile compounds of black cumin seeds (Nigella sativa L.) from microwave-heating and conventional roasting. J Food Sci. 2012;77(4):C481-4. [PubMed ID:22515239]. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02638.x.
• 21.
  Reller LB, Weinstein M, Jorgensen JH, Ferraro MJ. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing: a review of general principles and contemporary practices. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;49(11):1749-55. [PubMed ID:19857164]. https://doi.org/10.1086/647952.
• 22.
  Ait Mbarek L, Ait Mouse H, Elabbadi N, Bensalah M, Gamouh A, Aboufatima R, et al. Anti-tumor properties of blackseed (Nigella sativa L.) extracts. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2007;40(6):839-47. [PubMed ID:17581684]. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-879x2006005000108.
• 23.
  Mohammadpour P, Ahmadi MH, Niakan M, Rahimi F, Haghirsadat F. [Survey the synergistic effect of the cotrimoxazole and Nigella sativa extract on methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria]. Daneshvar Med. 2023;31(1):13-22. Persian. https://doi.org/10.22070/daneshmed.2023.16718.1260.
• 24.
  Styskal J, Van Remmen H, Richardson A, Salmon AB. Oxidative stress and diabetes: what can we learn about insulin resistance from antioxidant mutant mouse models? Free Radic Biol Med. 2012;52(1):46-58. [PubMed ID:22056908]. [PubMed Central ID:PMC3249484]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.10.441.
• 25.
  Kaatabi H, Bamosa AO, Lebda FM, Al Elq AH, Al-Sultan AI. Favorable impact of Nigella sativa seeds on lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients. J Family Community Med. 2012;19(3):155-61. [PubMed ID:23230380]. [PubMed Central ID:PMC3515953]. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8229.102311.
• 26.
  Wajs A, Bonikowski R, Kalemba D. Composition of essential oil from seeds of Nigella sativa L. cultivated in Poland. Flavour Fragrance J. 2008;23(2):126-32. https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1866.
• 27.
  Dhahir Mansour Al Sultani T, Ayad Fakhri S, Al-Zuhairi WHN. Comparison of the Antimicrobial Activity of Nigella sativa Aqueous and Oil Extracts. Iran J War Public Health. 2021;13(4):305-11.
• 28.
  Mohammed SJ, Amin HHH, Aziz SB, Sha AM, Hassan S, Abdul Aziz JM, et al. Structural Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Effect of Black Seed Oil. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019;2019:6515671. [PubMed ID:31531117]. [PubMed Central ID:PMC6721493]. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6515671.
• 29.
  Nourouzpour G, Rezvani Moghadam P. [Effect of different irrigation intervals and plant density on yield and yield components of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa)]. Iran J Field Crops Res. 2005;3(2):305-15. Persian.