Risk Factors for Hospitalization due to Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Preterm Infants on Palivizumab Prophylaxis

Mehmet Yekta Oncel; Sema Arayici; Gulsum Kadioglu Simsek; Erhan Calisici; Omer Erdeve; Nurdan Uras; Serife Suna Oguz; Ugur Dilmen

IJ Pediatrics

The Scientific Journal of Growth & Development Research Center

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Risk Factors for Hospitalization due to Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Preterm Infants on Palivizumab Prophylaxis

Author(s):

Mehmet Yekta Oncel^1,*,

Sema Arayici²,

Gulsum Kadioglu Simsek³,

Erhan Calisici⁴,

Omer Erdeve⁵,

Nurdan Uras⁶,

Serife Suna Oguz⁷,

Ugur Dilmen⁸

IJ Pediatrics:Vol. 23, issue 6; 693-700

Published online:Nov 22, 2013

Article type:Research Article

Received:Jan 29, 2013

Accepted:Jun 14, 2013

How to Cite:Mehmet Yekta OncelSema ArayiciGulsum Kadioglu SimsekErhan CalisiciOmer ErdeveNurdan UrasSerife Suna OguzUgur Dilmenet al.Risk Factors for Hospitalization due to Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Preterm Infants on Palivizumab Prophylaxis.Iran J Pediatr.23(6):693-700.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) related hospitalizations in preterm infants receiving palivizumab throughout the high season for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Methods: Premature infants who were commenced on palivizumab prophylaxis during the RSV season were included in the study following parental consent. Information on demographic, social, prenatal and postnatal clinical characteristics was recorded and risk factors associated with hospitalization were evaluated for each patient. Findings: While 234 participants (Group 1, 92.8%) did not require hospitalization during the study period, 18 patients (Group 2, 7.2%) were hospitalized at least once for LRTI during the RSV season. The rate of moderate-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) was significantly higher in group 2 compared to group 1 (38.9% vs 16.2%; P=0.016). Of the 18 infants who were hospitalized, 6 (33.3%) tested positive for RSV while the remaining 12 patients (66.7%) were negative for RSV. Odds ratio (OR) analysis of several risk factors revealed the presence of BPD (OR: 3.28; 95%CI: 1.19-9), being from a family with low socioeconomic status (OR: 3.64; 95%CI 1.08-12.3) to be associated with a higher likelihood of LRTI-related hospitalization. Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that RSV is an important LRTI agent and cause of hospitalization especially in preterm infants with additional risks such as BPD, gestational age of

Keywords

Respiratory syncytial virus

Lower respiratory tract infection

Risk Factors

Preterm Infants

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