Abstract
Objective: To develop a simple clinical scoring system for severity of illness to help prioritize care and predict outcome in emergency department.
Methods: Prospective hospital based observational study. Out of a total of 874 children who attended emergency department in one year, 777 were included in the study. Data was collected at the time of admission in emergency department. The baseline information like age, gender, etc and variables of ‘toprs’ score viz temperature, oxygen saturation, pulse rate, respiratory rate, sensorium and seizures were recorded. Variables were categorized as normal (score zero) or abnormal (score 1) based on systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria and criteria mentioned in advanced pediatric life support (APLS) and the total scores were computed for each child. The outcome (death/discharge) was correlated with the study variables and total score. The predictive ability of score was calculated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Findings: Of the six variables, temperature, oxygen saturation and respiratory rate were found to be significantly associated with mortality. Mortality increased with the increase in the number of abnormal variables. Based on the regression coefficients, maximum possible score was 6.68. The predictive ability of score was 81.7 calculated using ROC curve. Maximum discrimination was observed at a score of 2.5.
Conclusion: For triage in emergency, any patient with 2 or more abnormal variables should be closely monitored and evaluated. These patients require admission as they have a potential risk of death.
Methods: Prospective hospital based observational study. Out of a total of 874 children who attended emergency department in one year, 777 were included in the study. Data was collected at the time of admission in emergency department. The baseline information like age, gender, etc and variables of ‘toprs’ score viz temperature, oxygen saturation, pulse rate, respiratory rate, sensorium and seizures were recorded. Variables were categorized as normal (score zero) or abnormal (score 1) based on systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria and criteria mentioned in advanced pediatric life support (APLS) and the total scores were computed for each child. The outcome (death/discharge) was correlated with the study variables and total score. The predictive ability of score was calculated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Findings: Of the six variables, temperature, oxygen saturation and respiratory rate were found to be significantly associated with mortality. Mortality increased with the increase in the number of abnormal variables. Based on the regression coefficients, maximum possible score was 6.68. The predictive ability of score was 81.7 calculated using ROC curve. Maximum discrimination was observed at a score of 2.5.
Conclusion: For triage in emergency, any patient with 2 or more abnormal variables should be closely monitored and evaluated. These patients require admission as they have a potential risk of death.
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© 2016, Author(s). This open-access article is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which allows for unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited.