Pediatric Germ Cell Tumors; A 10-year Experience

Ahmad  Khaleghnejad-Tabari; Alireza  Mirshemirani; Mohsen  Rouzrokh; Leily  Mohajerzadeh; Nasibeh  Khaleghnejad-Tabari; shaghayegh Hasas-Yeganeh

IJ Pediatrics

The Scientific Journal of Growth & Development Research Center

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Pediatric Germ Cell Tumors; A 10-year Experience

Author(s):

Ahmad Khaleghnejad-Tabari^1,*,

Alireza Mirshemirani²,

Mohsen Rouzrokh³,

Leily Mohajerzadeh⁴,

Nasibeh Khaleghnejad-Tabari⁵,

shaghayegh Hasas-Yeganeh⁶

IJ Pediatrics:Vol. 24, issue 4; 441-444

Published online:Jul 25, 2014

Article type:Brief Report

Received:Jun 23, 2013

Accepted:Dec 12, 2013

How to Cite:Ahmad Khaleghnejad-TabariAlireza MirshemiraniMohsen RouzrokhLeily MohajerzadehNasibeh Khaleghnejad-Tabarishaghayegh Hasas-Yeganehet al.Pediatric Germ Cell Tumors; A 10-year Experience.Iran J Pediatr.24(4):441-444.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of germ cell tumors in patients admitted to our center during a ten year period.Methods: In a retrospective descriptive study, patients with the pathological diagnosis of germ cell tumor (GCT) were included. All records were evaluated and patients followed by personal visit in clinic or phone call. Data regarding age, sex, tumor site, bio-chemical assay, pathology, treatment and outcomes were gathered. For qualitative variables we computed frequency and percentage and for quantitative variables, mean and standard deviation. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier. All statistical analyses were performed by SPSS version16.0.Findings: Forty four patients consisted of 32 girls (72.7%) and 12 boys (27.3%). Their median age was 23 months. The most common pathological tumor types were 18 (40.9%) mature teratomas and 14 (31.8%) yolk sac tumors. Extra gonadal tumors were more prevalent (32 cases) and consisted of 21 (47.7%) sacrcoccygeal, 7 (15.9%) retroperitoneal, 2 (4.4%) mediastinal and 2 (4.4%) cervical tumors. In gonadal tumors 9 patients had ovarian and 3 patients testicular involvement. Staging at the time of diagnosis revealed stage one in 23 (52.3%) cases. All patients were treated surgically and the most common procedure was total resection in 41 (93.2%) patients. Fifteen (34.1%) patients received chemotherapy. In follow-up 31 (77.5%) patients were in complete remission, 9 (22.5%) had died, and 4 cases did not appear to follow-up visits. The median survival was 16 months (IQR 4-49 months). The highest mortality rate was found in patients with yolk sac tumors (8 of 13 cases).Conclusion: The patients with extra-gonadal GCT and a high AFP level have the worst prognosis and lower survival rate. Combination of surgery and chemotherapy can lead to a better prognosis.

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