https://doi.org/10.61186/ijmcl.5.2.35

The Effect of Mental and Physical Training on Meta Cognitive Beliefs and Sports Performance of Elite Karate Athletes

authors:

avatar Samira Akbari Niaz Abadi ORCID 1 , avatar Amin Azimkhani ORCID 2 , * , avatar Reza Aminzadeh ORCID 3

Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran
Assistant Professor, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran
Assistant Professor , Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran
Journal of Motor Control and Learning: Vol.5, issue 2; 35-41
published online: May 25, 2023
article type: Research Article
received: February 06, 2023
accepted: May 24, 2023

how to cite: Akbari Niaz Abadi S, Azimkhani A, Aminzadeh R. The Effect of Mental and Physical Training on Meta Cognitive Beliefs and Sports Performance of Elite Karate Athletes. J Motor Control Learn. 2023;5(2):e144167. https://doi.org/10.61186/ijmcl.5.2.35.

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this research was the effect of mental and physical training during the training period on the metacognitive beliefs and sports performance of elite karate athletes. 
Methods: The statistical population of all the elite karate practitioners of Mashhad was between 17 and 20 years old, and 30 karate practitioners were randomly replaced in two groups of 15 people, physicalpsychological training and control. The current research was of semi-experimental type and pre-test-posttest research design with control and experimental groups. In order to collect data, sports performance questionnaires and metacognitive beliefs (McQ_30) were used. After filling the questionnaires in the pretest, the exercise program was implemented for 14 sessions of 90 minutes (every other day) for each group. During this period, the physical training group (control) only did physical training and did not receive any mental training. After the training sessions, the questionnaires were completed again. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) method was used to test the hypotheses. 
Results: The findings showed; Mental and physical exercises have a positive effect on the metacognitive beliefs and sports performance of elite karate athletes and have improved the cognitive beliefs and sports performance of the athletes. 
Conclusion: The conclusion is that the use of technical staff who are proficient in the field of sports psychology and training systems in all stages of an athlete's life can. In addition to the health of a sports community, it should lead the youth towards public sports and eventually become a champion athlete with a strong physical and psychological approach.

Fulltext

Full-text is available in PDF format.

References

  • 1.

    Abdollahian, S., Rezaei, A., Jalili Shishwan, A., Moheb, N. (2020). The Effectiveness of Emotional Schema Therapy Group Training on Metacognitive Beliefs in Students with Social Phobia Symptoms at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Community Health Journal, 14(3), 76-85. Doi: 10.22123/chj.2020.228634.1493.

  • 2.

    Behzad, N, (2011). The effect of assertiveness training on self-efficacy and choice of university course for female students in Varamin region. MA Thesis of Alzahra University.

  • 3.

    Beyrami, M., Abdi, R. The efficacy of mindful based techniques in reducing of students' test anxiety (2009). Journal of Educational Science; 6: 35-54.

  • 4.

    Capobianco, L., Faija, C., Husain, Z., & Wells, A. (2020). Metacognitive beliefs and their relationship with anxiety and depression in physical illnesses: A systematic review. PloS one, 15(9), e0238457. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32911486/ [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0238457] [PMID].

  • 5.

    Coimbra، D. R.، Bevilacqua، G. G.، Pereira، F. S.، & Andrade، A. (2021). Effect of Mindfulness Training on Fatigue and Recovery in Elite Volleyball Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Follow-Up Study. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine، 20(1) ، 1-8. [DOI:10.52082/jssm.2021.1].

  • 6.

    Cithambarm, K., Duffy, M., & Courtney, E. (2021). What constitutes good quality end‐of‐life care? Perspectives of people with intellectual disabilities and their families. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 18(3), 207-216. [DOI:10.1111/jppi.12376].

  • 7.

    English T، Mavros، Y، Jay، O. (2019). Listening to motivational music mitigates heat-related reductions in exercise performance. Physiology & Behavior،:802 - 112567. [DOI:10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112567].

  • 8.

    Esfahani, N., Ghezelseflo, H. (2013). The comparison of psychological skills of Elite and non-Elite Karate ka and its relation with athletes' performance. Journal of Psychological Studies, 9(1), 109-120.

  • 9.

    Ferdowsi, S., Babaei, Z., Behzadpoor, S. (2019). The role of Meta-Cognitive Beliefs and thoughts control strategies in predicting the symptoms of social anxiety in university students. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology, 20(4), 15-23.

  • 10.

    Giyung، H.K. (2013). The Comparison Meta cognitive belief and mental health of addicts to opiate and normal. .International Journal of Stress، 59 (1): 90-110.

  • 11.

    Goudas، M.، Dermitzaki، I.، & Kolovelonis، A. (2017). Self-regulated learning and students' metacognitive feelings in physical education. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology، 15(2) ، 131-145. [DOI:10.1080/1612197X.2015.1079791].

  • 12.

    Hamamci، M. (2013). The relationship between Meta cognitive belief and mental health in patients with leukemia. Journal of Applied Psychology Vol.86،pp. 499-512.

  • 13.

    Janeck، A.S.، Calamari، J.E.، Riemann، B.C. and Heffolinger، S.K. (2006). Too much Thinking about thinking: Meta cognitive differences in obsessive disorder. Journal of Anxiety disorders، 17: 181-195. [DOI:10.1016/S0887-6185(02)00198-6] [PMID].

  • 14.

    Jans, Ozkan. Guzman Tunnel & Antonino Bianco, (2021), Effects of Functional Strength Training on Functional Movement and Balance in Middle-Aged Adults, Sustainability, 13, 1074. [DOI:10.3390/su13031074].

  • 15.

    Johnson، J. J. M.، Hrycaiko، D. W.، Johnson، G.V.، &Halas، J. M. (2004). Self-talk and female youth soccer performance. The sport psychologist، 18(10) ، 44-59. [DOI:10.1123/tsp.18.1.44].

  • 16.

    Jackson, B. C. (2021). Elite Sports Coaching and Feedback: The use of communication and metacognitive strategies in sport (Doctoral dissertation, University of Melbourne).

  • 17.

    Kelly، S. A.، Melnyk، B. M.، Jacobson، D. L.، OHaver، J. A. (2011). Correlates among healthy lifestyle cognitive beliefs، healthy lifestyle choices، social support، and healthy behaviors in adolescents: Implications for behavioral change strategies and future research. Journal of Pediatric Health Care، 25(4) ، 216-23. [DOI:10.1016/j.pedhc.2010.03.002] [PMID].

  • 18.

    Khanjari, Y., Arab Ameri, E., Garooei, R., Motashareei, E., & Hemayattalab, R. (2013). The Effect of a Course of Psychological Skills Training (PST) Program on Selected Mental Skills and the Performance of Teenager Female Taekwondo Athletes of Iranian National Team. 3 (5):25-34.

  • 19.

    Laya Abbasi (2021). The effectiveness of mindfulness training on ego-strength and meta-cognitive beliefs of students. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research. Vol. 9 No. 01.

  • 20.

    Lestariani، W. A.، Rustiadi، T.، & Mukarromah، S. B. (2020). The Evaluation of Elite Karate Development Program in PPLP (Students' Sport Training and Education Center) of Southern Sumatera Province. Journal of Physical Education and Sports، 233-239.

  • 21.

    Low, W. R., Freeman, P., Butt, J., Stoker, M., & Maynard, I. (2023). The role and creation of pressure in training: Perspectives of athletes and sport psychologists. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 35(4), 710-730. [DOI:10.1080/10413200.2022.2061637].

  • 22.

    Nikoo Goftar, M., Sangani, A., Jangi, P. (2019). The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Based on Mindfulness on Anxiety, Motivations and Performance of Track and Field Athletes. Scientific. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management in Sport Studies, 6(2), 55-65. Doi: 10.30473/FMSS.2019.43063.1853.

  • 23.

    Rahmanian، Z، Vaez Mousavi، MK، Sohrabi، M. (2013). Characteristics of the psychometric assessment exercise self-regulation. Journal of Sport Psychology، third year، 8،19-32.

  • 24.

    Rasel، H. (2013). The effect of Tran's theoretical model group therapy on the Meta cognitive beliefs of abusing in drug abuser. Journal of Applied Psychology، volume 86، issue 3، 401-409.

  • 25.

    Röthlin، Philipp، (2021)، Differential and shared effects of psychological skills training and mindfulness training on performance relevant psychological factors in sport: a randomized controlled trial، 80 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-020-00449-7.

  • 26.

    Sadeghi, N., Zamani Sani, S., Hasanzadeh, N. (2019). The effect of mental skills training on mental profile and performance of teenager soccer players in preparation phase. Sports Psychology, 4(1), 14-27. Doi: 10.29252/mbsp.4.1.14. (In Persian). [DOI:10.29252/mbsp.4.1.14].

  • 27.

    Safaei, I., Ghorbaninezhad, M. (2020). Effectiveness of Energizing and Relaxing Music on Performance of Youth Members of the Islamic Republic of Iran's National Judo Team. Sport Psychology Studies (i.e., mutaleat ravanshenasi varzeshi), 8(30), 77-98. Doi: 10.22089/spsyj.2020.7462.1798.

  • 28.

    Safikhani Gholizadeh S, Mahmoudi A. The Effectiveness of Metacognitive Therapy in a Group Method on Metacognitive Beliefs in Female Students with Social Anxiety Disorder.554_540. (3)24.

  • 29.

    Shah Hosseini, M., Sabahi, P, Shahrokh Makvand Hosseini, Behruz Golmohammadi, (2020). Effectiveness of mindfulness sport performance enhancement (MSPE) on attention, planning and sport performance of elite Judoka, shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry, 7(2), 37-52. Magiran.com/p2135119. [DOI:10.52547/shenakht.7.2.37].

  • 30.

    Shamsi Poor Dehkordi, P., Bahrami, H. (2016). The Effectiveness of Self-Regulation and Meta Cognition Beliefs on Sporting Success in Elite, Expert and Beginner Athletes. Research on Educational Sport, 4(10), 81-96. Doi: 10.22089/res.2016.777.

  • 31.

    Vakil Zadeh M, Ayati Zadeh F, Abbasi H. Compare the Effect of Mental Practice Traditional, Pettlep and Physical on Basketball Free Throw Skill. JRSM. 2020; 9 (18): 166-177 [DOI:10.29252/JRSM.9.18.166].

  • 32.

    Vanyperen، N.W. (2010). Why some make it and others do not: identifying psychological factors that predict career success in professional adult soccer. The journal of the sport psychologist، 23(5). 317-329. [DOI:10.1123/tsp.23.3.317].

  • 33.

    Waller، MA. (2009). Resilience in ecosystemic eohtext: Erolution of the child. American journal of Orghopsychiatry 71:290-297. [DOI:10.1037/0002-9432.71.3.290].