Epicardial Adipose Tissue, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, and Thyroid Disorders

authors:

avatar Zeynep Cerit 1 , *

Department of Pediatrics, Near East University Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
Iranian Journal of Pediatrics: Vol.27, issue 4; e11021
published online: July 25, 2017
article type: Letter
received: February 15, 2017
accepted: June 5, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5812/ijp.11021

how to cite: Cerit Z. Epicardial Adipose Tissue, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, and Thyroid Disorders. Iran J Pediatr. 2017;27(4):e11021. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijp.11021.

Dear Editor,

I have read the article entitled “evaluation oF epicardial fat and carotid intima-media thickness in obese children” by Elshorbagy et al. (1) with great interest, recently published in the Journal. The investigators reported that epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATT) is closely related to carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and early cardiac dysfunction in obese adolescents with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Thyroid diseases are the most common endocrine diseases in the world, with a prevalence of 1.2%. Cardiac effects of overt hyperthyroidism (OH) include sinus tachycardia, systolic hypertension, changes in ventricular systolic and diastolic function, left ventricular hypertrophy, predisposition to arrhythmias, and increased CIMT (2). Lower thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were found to be associated with increased cardiac and cerebrovascular mortality, and higher CIMT (3). Binnetoglu et al. (4) reported that EATT and CIMT levels were significantly higher in the OH group than in the control group, and that TSH was found to affect EATT independently. Additionally, free tetraiodothyronine (FT4) levels were found to affect CIMT independently in OH group (4). Hypothyroidism is an established risk factor for insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, hypercoagulability, low grade inflammation, and MetS. Vazquez-Anaya et al. (5) reported that infusion of T4 significantly improved the insulin resistant condition and glucose intolerance.

In this context, considering association among EATT, CIMT, and thyroid disorders, correlation of this study’s result (1) with thyroid function tests might be beneficial.

References

  • 1.

    Elshorbagy HH, Fouda ER, Kamal NM, Bassiouny MM, Fathi WM. Evaluation oF Epicardial Fat and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Obese Children. Iran J Pediatr. 2016;26(1). e2968. [PubMed ID: 26848373]. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijp.2968.

  • 2.

    Klein I, Ojamaa K. Thyroid hormone and the cardiovascular system. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(7):501-9. [PubMed ID: 11172193]. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200102153440707.

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    Bilir C, Gokosmanoglu F, Caliskan M, Cinemre H, Akdemir R. Regression of the carotid intima media thickness by propylthiouracil therapy in Graves' hyperthyroidism. Am J Med Sci. 2012;343(4):273-6. [PubMed ID: 21825964]. https://doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31822a8284.

  • 4.

    Binnetoglu E, Asik M, Altun B, Sen H, Gazi E, Erbag G, et al. Evaluation of epicardial fat tissue thickness in patients with hyperthyroidism. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2014;126(15-16):485-90. [PubMed ID: 25135746]. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-014-0570-0.

  • 5.

    Vazquez-Anaya G, Martinez B, Sonanez-Organis JG, Nakano D, Nishiyama A, Ortiz RM. Exogenous thyroxine improves glucose intolerance in insulin-resistant rats. J Endocrinol. 2017;232(3):501-11. [PubMed ID: 27980001]. https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-16-0428.