Keywords
Dear Editor,
The concept of “Cyberspace as a University” caused a revolution in higher education’s global organizational structure. Cyber universities supply all educational and research services over the Internet in an integrated manner. They no longer regarded any physical site as a university by simultaneously attaining technological, geographic, and organizational virtualization. A service-oriented architectural strategy was used in the design and development of the emerging worldwide innovation known as cyber universities (1). Service-oriented architecture is a conceptual framework that is created and applied to distribute services in a cyber organization without the need to substantially alter predefined structures. It is based on the analysis of infrastructure, stakeholders, and context. Examples of such institutions are Phoenix University, the European Virtual University, the Cyber University of Thailand, and the Cyber Korea University (2). This topic is extremely recent in the field of medical education, and there are still many concerns that remain unanswered, such as which international and national organizations are involved in creating and supporting standards and guidelines for cyber-learning. How do we create, organize, teach, and advance medical science online? How are technical aspects like hardware and software capabilities, system security, and resource availability supported? There are numerous other queries that highlight the challenge of structuring and developing online medical education (3).
One of the most crucial elements in developing and implementing teaching and learning in cyberspace is the use of the interoperability reference model. Interoperability, which should be in the dimensions of technical interoperability, semantic interoperability, and organizational interoperability, refers to the capacity of various systems and software applications to communicate, operate together in a coordinated way, and exchange information. How is interoperability implemented? In order for two or more systems to be able to communicate with one another and understand one another, they must be able to exchange, interpret, and present shared data. ‘Syntactic’ interoperability must be developed in order to accomplish this. Adoption of standard data formats and data structure protocols is necessary for this. The next step is’ semantic’ interoperability, which calls for metadata to connect every data element to a standardized, common lexicon. This common vocabulary includes links to ontologies, which are data models that represent a collection of concepts within a domain and the relationships between those concepts. It is possible to communicate meaningful information that is independent of any information system by implementing these common standards (4).
In the context of medical education, the importance of the interoperability reference model and the need to address the issue can be highlighted as follows:
1. Quality Patient Care: Interoperability is crucial for ensuring the quality of patient care in medical education. The exchange and reuse of information and resources between different systems is essential for effective diagnosis, treatment, and overall healthcare delivery.
2. Technological Integration: Addressing interoperability is important for solving technological problems and integrating various healthcare systems, such as electronic health records (EHRs), medical imaging systems, and telemedicine platforms. This integration is vital for streamlining workflows and improving patient outcomes.
3. Learning Processes: Interoperability is necessary for facilitating efficient learning processes among medical professionals. It enables the seamless exchange of medical knowledge, best practices, and patient data, ultimately contributing to continuous learning and professional development.
4. Standards and Regulations: Clear interoperability standards and regulations are essential for ensuring the secure and efficient exchange of patient information, adherence to medical protocols, and compliance with healthcare regulations. Addressing interoperability is crucial to implementing these standards effectively.
In conclusion, in the context of medical education, the interoperability reference model is vital for ensuring the quality of patient care, integrating healthcare technologies, facilitating efficient learning processes, and implementing standards and regulations for the secure exchange of medical information. Addressing interoperability is essential for the advancement of medical education and the delivery of high-quality healthcare services (5). We therefore implore the medical educator community to pay attention to this crucial idea and its consequences for the development of medical education.
References
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1.
Subramaniam M, Iyer B, Venkatraman V. Competing in digital ecosystems. Business Horizons. 2019;62(1):83-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.08.013.
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Jung E, Jung EJ. Service-oriented architecture of environmental information systems to forecast the impacts of natural disasters in South Korea. J Enterprise Info Manage. 2019;32(1):16-35. https://doi.org/10.1108/jeim-03-2015-0022.
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Yazdani S, Khoshgoftar Z, Ahmady S, Rastegarpour H, Foroutan SA. Medical education in cyberspace: Critical considerations in the health system. J Adv Med Educ Prof. 2017;5(1):11-20. [PubMed ID: 28124017]. [PubMed Central ID: PMC5238491].
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Naim A, Hussain MR, Naveed QN, Ahmad N, Qamar S, Khan N, et al. Ensuring Interoperability of E-Learning and Quality Development in Education. 2019 IEEE Jordan International Joint Conference on Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (JEEIT). 2019. p. 736-41.
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5.
Naim A, Alahmari F. Reference model of e-learning and quality to establish interoperability in higher education systems. Inter J Emerging Technol Learning (iJET). 2020;15(2). https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v15i02.11605.